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An intermediate along the recovery stroke of myosin VI revealed by X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics [Biophysics and Computational Biology]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-12 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1711512115
Florian Blanc 1, 2, 3, 4 , Tatiana Isabet 1, 2 , Hannah Benisty 1, 2 , H. Lee Sweeney 5, 6 , Marco Cecchini 3, 4 , Anne Houdusse 1, 2
Affiliation  

Myosins form a class of actin-based, ATPase motor proteins that mediate important cellular functions such as cargo transport and cell motility. Their functional cycle involves two large-scale swings of the lever arm: the force-generating powerstroke, which takes place on actin, and the recovery stroke during which the lever arm is reprimed into an armed configuration. Previous analyses of the prerecovery (postrigor) and postrecovery (prepowerstroke) states predicted that closure of switch II in the ATP binding site precedes the movement of the converter and the lever arm. Here, we report on a crystal structure of myosin VI, called pretransition state (PTS), which was solved at 2.2 Å resolution. Structural analysis and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations are consistent with PTS being an intermediate along the recovery stroke, where the Relay/SH1 elements adopt a postrecovery conformation, and switch II remains open. In this state, the converter appears to be largely uncoupled from the motor domain and explores an ensemble of partially reprimed configurations through extensive, reversible fluctuations. Moreover, we found that the free energy cost of hydrogen-bonding switch II to ATP is lowered by more than 10 kcal/mol compared with the prerecovery state. These results support the conclusion that closing of switch II does not initiate the recovery stroke transition in myosin VI. Rather, they suggest a mechanism in which lever arm repriming would be mostly driven by thermal fluctuations and eventually stabilized by the switch II interaction with the nucleotide in a ratchet-like fashion.



中文翻译:

X射线晶体学和分子动力学揭示的沿肌球蛋白VI恢复冲程的中间体[生物物理学和计算生物学]

肌球蛋白形成一类基于肌动蛋白的ATPase马达蛋白,介导重要的细胞功能,如货物运输和细胞运动。它们的功能周期包括杠杆臂的两次大范围摆动:在肌动蛋白上发生的产生力的冲程和在杠杆臂重新启动为武装状态期间的恢复冲程。先前对恢复前(后僵化)和恢复后(前中风)状态的分析预测,ATP结合位点中开关II的闭合先于转换器和杠杆臂的运动。在这里,我们报道了肌球蛋白VI的晶体结构,称为过渡前状态(PTS),该晶体结构以2.2Å的分辨率进行了解析。结构分析和所有原子的分子动力学模拟与PTS是沿着恢复冲程的中间产物是一致的,其中Relay / SH1元素采用恢复后的构象,而开关II保持断开状态。在这种状态下,转换器似乎在很大程度上与电机领域脱钩,并通过广泛的,可逆的波动探索了部分重新启动配置的整体。此外,我们发现与恢复前的状态相比,氢键开关II与ATP的自由能成本降低了10 kcal / mol以上。这些结果支持这样的结论,即开关II的闭合不会启动肌球蛋白VI中的恢复冲程过渡。相反,他们提出了一种机制,其中杠杆臂的启动主要由热波动驱动,并最终通过棘轮状方式与核苷酸的开关II相互作用而稳定。该转换器似乎在很大程度上与电机领域脱钩,并通过广泛的可逆波动探索了部分重新启动配置的整体。此外,我们发现与恢复前的状态相比,氢键开关II与ATP的自由能成本降低了10 kcal / mol以上。这些结果支持这样的结论,即开关II的闭合不会启动肌球蛋白VI中的恢复冲程过渡。相反,他们提出了一种机制,其中杠杆臂的启动主要由热波动驱动,并最终通过棘轮状方式与核苷酸的开关II相互作用而稳定。转换器似乎在很大程度上与电机领域脱钩,并通过广泛的可逆波动探索了部分重新启动配置的整体。此外,我们发现与恢复前的状态相比,氢键开关II与ATP的自由能成本降低了10 kcal / mol以上。这些结果支持这样的结论,即开关II的闭合不会启动肌球蛋白VI中的恢复冲程过渡。相反,他们提出了一种机制,其中杠杆臂的启动主要由热波动驱动,并最终通过棘轮状方式与核苷酸的开关II相互作用而稳定。我们发现,与恢复前的状态相比,氢键开关II与ATP的自由能成本降低了10 kcal / mol以上。这些结果支持这样的结论,即开关II的闭合不会启动肌球蛋白VI中的恢复冲程过渡。相反,他们提出了一种机制,其中杠杆臂的启动主要由热波动驱动,并最终通过棘轮状方式与核苷酸的开关II相互作用而稳定。我们发现,与恢复前的状态相比,氢键开关II与ATP的自由能成本降低了10 kcal / mol以上。这些结果支持这样的结论,即开关II的闭合不会启动肌球蛋白VI中的恢复冲程过渡。相反,他们提出了一种机制,其中杠杆臂的启动主要由热波动驱动,并最终通过棘轮状方式的开关II与核苷酸的相互作用而稳定。

更新日期:2018-06-13
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