Abstract An optimized method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using gallic acid as reductant was achieved using design of experiment strategies based on response surface methodologies. Fractional Factorial Design was used in the screening stage, the Box-Behnken method was employed to model the target responses and finally, the optimization step was done using Desirability function. The obtained AgNP presented improved repetitivity and reproducibility of photophysical properties between batches compared to the synthesis method reported in literature. Intra-assays, intermediate precision and reproducibility tests were performed and proved the different AgNP batches presented equal optical responses, average size and size distribution at a 95% confidence level. In addition, a test on shelf life estimated the optimized AgNP preserve their properties at least for 38 days and especially, zeta potential measurements indicated their low tendency to flocculation as long as 120 days. Furthermore, a remarkable improvement in obtaining reproducible Stern-Volmer constants in fluorescence quenching experiments using Carbazole as fluorophore was observed compared to nanoparticles synthesized by a non-optimal method.

中文翻译：

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使用实验设计方法提高银纳米粒子批次之间的可重复性

摘要 通过基于响应面方法的实验策略设计，实现了以没食子酸为还原剂合成银纳米粒子 (AgNP) 的优化方法。在筛选阶段使用分数因子设计，使用 Box-Behnken 方法对目标响应进行建模，最后使用合意性函数完成优化步骤。与文献中报道的合成方法相比，获得的 AgNP 在批次之间具有更高的重复性和光物理特性的再现性。进行了批内、中间精度和重现性测试，证明不同批次的 AgNP 在 95% 的置信水平下表现出相同的光学响应、平均尺寸和尺寸分布。此外，一项保质期测试估计优化后的 AgNP 至少可以保持其特性至少 38 天，尤其是 zeta 电位测量表明它们的絮凝倾向低，长达 120 天。此外，与通过非最佳方法合成的纳米颗粒相比，观察到在使用咔唑作为荧光团的荧光猝灭实验中获得可重复的 Stern-Volmer 常数的显着改进。