Abstract Penicillium digitatum is the responsible for green mold decay on citrus fruits, which contributes to economic losses in agriculture industry during storage, transportation and in the market. Biocontrol agents may be a viable and low-cost alternative in the control of different plant pathogens: metabolites from some yeast strains can prevent infection, decreasing host tissue colonization and reducing pathogen survival and sporulation with varying degrees of efficiency. Eight S. cerevisae strains and one Candida stellimalicola strain all were evaluated in vitro as biological control agents against P. digitatum. After in vitro tests the headspace of yeast strains were extracted in vivo using an optimized HS-SPME + GC × GC–MS method. The correlation between antiphytopathogenic activity with the volatile metabolite profiles was assessed using principal component analysis. Nine compounds were associated with the volatile metabolome of strains with higher antifungal action: ethyl propionate, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, ethyl butyrate, 3-methylbutyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl propionate, n-pentyl butyrate, phenylethyl alcohol and 2-phenethyl acetate. This study allowed for the first time a comprehensive overview of the effect of individual volatile metabolites from yeast strains on P. digitatum infection.

中文翻译：

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使用综合二维气相色谱法和多变量数据分析对指状青霉菌有活性的抗植物病原酵母菌株的挥发性代谢组进行体内研究

摘要 指状青霉是柑橘类水果绿霉腐烂的罪魁祸首，给农业产业在贮藏、运输和市场销售过程中造成经济损失。生物防治剂可能是控制不同植物病原体的可行且低成本的替代方案：来自某些酵母菌株的代谢物可以预防感染、减少宿主组织定植并以不同程度的效率降低病原体存活和孢子形成。8 种酿酒酵母菌株和一种白色念珠菌菌株均在体外作为针对 P. digitatum 的生物控制剂进行了评估。在体外测试后，使用优化的 HS-SPME + GC × GC-MS 方法在体内提取酵母菌株的顶空。使用主成分分析评估抗植物病原活性与挥发性代谢物谱之间的相关性。九种化合物与具有较高抗真菌作用的菌株的挥发性代谢组有关：丙酸乙酯、3-甲基-1-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丁醇、丁酸乙酯、乙酸3-甲基丁酯、丙酸3-甲基丁酯、正戊酯丁酸、苯乙醇和2-苯乙酸乙酯。这项研究首次全面概述了酵母菌株的个体挥发性代谢物对 P. digitatum 感染的影响。苯乙醇和2-苯乙酸乙酯。这项研究首次全面概述了酵母菌株的个体挥发性代谢物对 P. digitatum 感染的影响。苯乙醇和2-苯乙酸乙酯。这项研究首次全面概述了酵母菌株的个体挥发性代谢物对 P. digitatum 感染的影响。