Many integrated interdisciplinary studies have been conducted to coupling human and natural systems, in which concepts such as human–natural systems, human–environment systems, and socio-ecological systems are prevalent. In recent decades, significant progress has been made toward establishing a framework to communicate knowledge and disciplines, but the theoretical origin, purpose, and conceptualization ways varies significantly. Coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) exhibit many emergent properties. Their unique properties do not belong separately to human or natural systems, but emerge from the interactions between them, and have their own structure, function, and dynamic mechanisms. In this study, we reviewed the progress made in CHANS research and developed a general framework to better understand them. The coupled human–environment system has a nested hierarchy structural characteristics, natural support, economic metabolism, social regulation and complementary relationships among these three subsystems constitute the coupled social–economic–natural complex ecosystem. The dynamic mechanism of the coupled system originates from both natural and social forces. Human–natural fit including boundary fit, structural fit, and dynamic fit. Matching the anthropological and ecological scales can increase the likelihood of sustainable operation of the coupled system.

已经进行了许多综合的跨学科研究来耦合人与自然系统，其中普遍存在诸如人与自然系统，人与环境系统以及社会生态系统等概念。近几十年来，在建立交流知识和学科的框架方面已取得了重大进展，但理论渊源，目的和概念化方式却大相径庭。人类和自然系统耦合（CHANS）表现出许多新兴特性。它们的独特属性并不分别属于人类或自然系统，而是从它们之间的相互作用中显现出来的，并具有自己的结构，功能和动态机制。在这项研究中，我们回顾了CHANS研究的进展，并开发了一个通用框架以更好地理解它们。人与环境的耦合系统具有嵌套的层次结构特征，自然支持，经济代谢，社会调节以及这三个子系统之间的互补关系，构成了社会，经济与自然的耦合复杂生态系统。耦合系统的动力机制来自自然和社会力量。人与自然的拟合，包括边界拟合，结构拟合和动态拟合。匹配人类学和生态学的尺度可以增加耦合系统可持续运行的可能性。耦合系统的动力机制来自自然和社会力量。人与自然的拟合，包括边界拟合，结构拟合和动态拟合。匹配人类学和生态学的尺度可以增加耦合系统可持续运行的可能性。耦合系统的动力机制来自自然和社会力量。人与自然的拟合，包括边界拟合，结构拟合和动态拟合。匹配人类学和生态学的尺度可以增加耦合系统可持续运行的可能性。