Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic and infectious airborne disease which requires a diagnosing system with high sensitivity and specificity. However, the traditional gold standard method for TB detection remains unreliable with low specificity and sensitivity. Nanostructured composite materials coupled with impedimetric sensing utilised in this study offered a feasible solution. Herein, novel gold (Au) nanorods were synthesized on 3D graphene grown by chemical vapour deposition. The irregularly spaced and rippled morphology of 3D graphene provided a path for Au nanoparticles to self-assemble and form rod-like structures on the surface of the 3D graphene. The formation of Au nanorods were showcased through scanning electron microscopy which revealed the evolution of Au nanoparticle into Au islets. Eventually, it formed nanorods possessing lengths of ~ 150 nm and diameters of ~ 30 nm. The X-ray diffractogram displayed appropriate peaks suitable to defect-free and high crystalline graphene with face centered cubic Au. The strong optical interrelation between Au nanorod and 3D graphene was elucidated by Raman spectroscopy analysis. Furthermore, the anchored Au nanorods on 3D graphene nanocomposite enables feasible bio-capturing on the exposed Au surface on defect free graphene. The impedimetric sensing of DNA sequence from TB on 3D graphene/Au nanocomposite revealed a remarkable wide detection linear range from 10 fM to 0.1 µM, displays the capability of detecting femtomolar DNA concentration. Overall, the novel 3D graphene/Au nanocomposite demonstrated here offers high-performance bio-sensing and opens a new avenue for TB detection.

结核病（TB）是一种慢性传染性空气传播疾病，需要具有高度敏感性和特异性的诊断系统。但是，传统的结核病检测金标准方法仍然不可靠，而且特异性和灵敏度较低。这项研究中使用的纳米结构复合材料与阻抗传感相结合提供了可行的解决方案。本文中，在通过化学气相沉积法生长的3D石墨烯上合成了新型金（Au）纳米棒。3D石墨烯的不规则间隔和波纹形貌为Au纳米颗粒自组装并在3D石墨烯表面形成棒状结构提供了一条途径。通过扫描电子显微镜展示了金纳米棒的形成，其揭示了金纳米颗粒向金胰岛的演变。最终，它形成的纳米棒的长度约为150 nm，直径约为30 nm。X射线衍射图显示适当的峰，适合于具有面心立方金的无缺陷和高结晶度石墨烯。通过拉曼光谱分析阐明了金纳米棒和3D石墨烯之间的强光学相关性。此外，锚固在3D石墨烯纳米复合材料上的金纳米棒能够在无缺陷石墨烯的裸露金表面上进行可行的生物捕获。在3D石墨烯/ Au纳米复合材料上对TB的DNA序列进行阻抗检测，发现了从10 fM到0.1 µM的显着宽检测线性范围，显示了检测飞沫DNA浓度的能力。总体而言，此处展示的新型3D石墨烯/金纳米复合材料可提供高性能的生物传感，并为结核病检测开辟了新途径。