A well-defined linear statistical copolymer precursor, made of styrene, grafted poly(ethylene oxide) and benzimidazolium chloride units serving as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand precursors, is designed by random RAFT copolymerization. Intramolecular coordination forming Pd(II)–NHC₂ crosslinks yields single chain nanoparticles (SCNPs). The formation of SCNPs is achieved by the insertion of Pd(OAc)₂ into diluted solution, which is monitored by combined analyses, including NMR, SEC, DLS and TEM. When used for the Suzuki coupling in water, the catalytic activity of these Pd(II)–NHC₂-containing SCNPs is greatly improved relative to Pd(OAc)₂ as a benchmark molecular catalyst. When compared to a molecular catalyst of Pd–NHC₂-type, i.e. with a structure similar to that of the SCNP-supported catalytic units, the conversion to a reaction product is again higher, owing to a beneficial SCNP effect, although an increase in catalytic efficiency is not spectacular.

中文翻译：

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Pd（ii）–NHC协调驱动的水溶性催化活性单链纳米颗粒的形成†

通过随机RAFT共聚设计了一种定义明确的线性统计共聚物前体，该共聚物由苯乙烯，接枝的聚环氧乙烷和苯并咪唑鎓氯化物单元（用作N-杂环卡宾（NHC）配体前体）制成。分子内配位形成Pd（II）–NHC ₂交联产生单链纳米颗粒（SCNP）。SCNPs的形成是通过将Pd（OAc）₂插入稀释溶液中来实现的，该溶液可以通过包括NMR，SEC，DLS和TEM在内的综合分析进行监测。当用于水中的Suzuki偶联时，与Pd（OAc）₂相比，这些含Pd（II）–NHC ₂的SCNPs的催化活性大大提高。作为基准分子催化剂。当与Pd–NHC ₂型分子催化剂（即具有与SCNP负载的催化单元相似的结构）相比时，由于SCNP的有益作用，转化为反应产物的转化率再次更高，尽管增加了催化效率并不出色。