Photovoltaic cells require maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms to ensure that the amount of power extracted is maximized. True seeking, direct duty cycle control MPPT algorithms are a simple and straightforward solution that can provide high tracking efficiency. In these algorithms the duty cycle is traditionally modified to reach a new steady state prior performing a new MPPT iteration. Therefore, the MPPT update period must be larger than the converter's settling time to reach a new steady state, which limits the dynamic tracking performance. This paper proposes a novel direct duty cycle control method that does not require the converter to achieve steady state in between MPPT updates. The proposed method benefits from the natural oscillations occurring in the converter to obtain extreme dynamic tracking improvements while maintaining simple implementation with no need of employing temperature or irradiance sensors. The scheme being introduced combines MPPT concepts with large-signal geometric control to achieve a reliable, high-performance solution very suitable for applications with rapidly changing irradiance, such as wearable technology and rooftop electric vehicle (EV). The theoretical analysis is supported by detailed mathematical procedures and validated by simulations and experimental results.

中文翻译：

---

极快变化的辐照度下的光伏能量收集：状态平面直接 MPPT


光伏电池需要最大功率点跟踪 (MPPT) 算法，以确保提取的电量最大化。真正寻找、直接占空比控制 MPPT 算法是一种简单直接的解决方案，可以提供高跟踪效率。在这些算法中，传统上会修改占空比，以在执行新的 MPPT 迭代之前达到新的稳定状态。因此，MPPT更新周期必须大于转换器的稳定时间才能达到新的稳态，这限制了动态跟踪性能。本文提出了一种新颖的直接占空比控制方法，该方法不需要转换器在 MPPT 更新之间实现稳态。所提出的方法受益于转换器中发生的自然振荡，以获得极端的动态跟踪改进，同时保持简单的实现，无需使用温度或辐照度传感器。正在推出的方案将 MPPT 概念与大信号几何控制相结合，以实现可靠的高性能解决方案，非常适合辐照度快速变化的应用，例如可穿戴技术和屋顶电动汽车 (EV)。理论分析得到详细数学程序的支持，并通过模拟和实验结果进行验证。