Nanomaterials for facilitating the microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) process have drawn increasing attention due to their specific physical, chemical and electrical properties. This review summarizes the research advances of nanomaterials for accelerating the EET process. Nanostructured materials, including oligomer, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, metal, metal oxides, and polymer, exhibit numerous admirable properties such as large surface area, high electrical conductivity, and excellent catalytic activity. In this review, depending on the exact site where the nanomaterials work, the nanomaterials are classified into four groups: inside-membrane, interface, inside-biofilm and interspecies. Synthesis of the nanomaterials, EET enhancement performance, and corresponding enhancement mechanisms are also discussed. In spite of the challenges, nanomaterials will be extremely promising for promoting the EET process application in the future.

由于其特定的物理，化学和电学性质，用于促进微生物细胞外电子转移（EET）过程的纳米材料已引起越来越多的关注。综述了加速EET过程的纳米材料的研究进展。包括低聚物，碳纳米管（CNT），石墨烯，金属，金属氧化物和聚合物在内的纳米结构材料具有许多令人称赞的特性，例如大表面积，高电导率和出色的催化活性。在这篇综述中，根据纳米材料的确切工作地点，将纳米材料分为四类：膜内部，界面，生物膜内部和种间。还讨论了纳米材料的合成，EET增强性能以及相应的增强机理。