Abstract This review summarizes different solar thermal energy storage techniques from a particle technology perspective, including sensible, latent and thermochemical techniques for low- and high-temperature applications that use particles as the storage medium in the thermal energy storage system. The focus is on applications, experimental results, modeling and future trends. This review describes two different particle technologies used to store thermal energy: packed and fluidized beds. The advantages and disadvantages of both technologies are reviewed throughout different studies found in the literature for various thermal energy storage systems. Packed beds have the main advantage of thermal stratification, which increases the efficiency of solar collectors in low-temperature sensible energy storage systems and augments the exergy content in the bed. Moreover, they have been proven to be suitable as dual-media thermocline storage systems for CSP plants. In contrast, the high mixing rates of fluidized beds makes them suitable for the rapid distribution of concentrated solar energy in particle receiver CSP systems. In addition, their high heat and mass transfer rates, compared with those of packed beds, make them the preferred particle technology for thermochemical energy storage applications. This review also notes that it is important to find new materials with an appropriate size and density that can be properly used in a fluidized bed. Additionally, more specific research efforts are necessary to improve the understanding of the behavior of these materials during the fluidization process and over a high number of charging/discharging cycles.

中文翻译：

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颗粒床中太阳能热储存的综述：填充床和流化床

摘要 本文从粒子技术的角度总结了不同的太阳能热能存储技术，包括用于低温和高温应用的显热、潜热和热化学技术，这些技术在热能存储系统中使用粒子作为存储介质。重点是应用、实验结果、建模和未来趋势。这篇综述描述了两种不同的用于储存热能的粒子技术：填充床和流化床。在各种热能储存系统的文献中发现的不同研究中回顾了这两种技术的优点和缺点。填充床具有热分层的主要优点，这提高了低温敏感储能系统中太阳能收集器的效率，并增加了床中的火用含量。此外，它们已被证明适合作为 CSP 发电厂的双介质温跃层存储系统。相比之下，流化床的高混合率使其适用于在粒子接收器 CSP 系统中快速分配集中太阳能。此外，与填充床相比，它们的高传热和传质速率使其成为热化学储能应用的首选颗粒技术。该评论还指出，重要的是找到具有适当尺寸和密度的新材料，这些材料可以在流化床中正确使用。此外，