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Plant-Induced Changes to Rhizosphere pH Impact Leaf Accumulation of Lamotrigine but Not Carbamazepine
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-21 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00246
Sara L. Nason 1 , Elizabeth L. Miller 2 , K. G. Karthikeyan 1, 3 , Joel A. Pedersen 1, 2, 4
Affiliation  

Many ionizable organic contaminants (IOCs) are present in treated wastewater used to irrigate edible crops and accumulate in plants under field conditions. Phytoavailability of IOCs with pKa values between 4 and 9 may be affected by the pH of the rhizosphere (the water and soil within 2–3 mm of the root surface). Plants can alter rhizosphere pH by 2–3 units in either direction in response to nutrient availability. The effects of plant modulation of rhizosphere pH on IOC accumulation have not been previously reported. Here we provide direct evidence that plant-driven changes in rhizosphere pH impact accumulation of an IOC in plant leaves. Using a modified hydroponic system, we found that rhizosphere pH was higher by 1.5–2.4 units when plants received only nitrate rather than a combination of nitrate and ammonium. Plant-driven changes to rhizosphere pH altered accumulation of lamotrigine (pKa = 5.7) but not carbamazepine, a non-ionizable contaminant. Lamotrigine accumulation in leaves correlated strongly with the concentration of the neutral species available in porewater. We expect plant-driven changes in rhizosphere pH to be important across a wide range of plant species and IOCs. Consideration of plant modulation of rhizosphere pH may be necessary to accurately predict IOC bioaccumulation.

中文翻译:

植物诱导的根际pH变化影响拉莫三嗪而非卡马西平的叶片积累

经过处理的废水中存在许多可离子化的有机污染物(IOC),这些废水用于灌溉食用作物并在田间条件下在植物中积累。p K a的IOC的植物利用率根际pH值(根表面2–3 mm内的水和土壤)的pH值可能会影响4到9之间的值。植物可以根据养分的可利用性,在任一方向上改变根际pH值2-3个单位。以前尚未报道植物调节根际pH对IOC积累的影响。在这里,我们提供了直接证据,表明植物驱动的根际pH值变化会影响植物叶片中IOC的积累。使用改良的水培系统,我们发现当植物仅接受硝酸盐而不是硝酸盐和铵盐的组合时,根际pH值升高1.5-2.4个单位。植物驱动的根际pH改变改变了拉莫三嗪的蓄积(p K a= 5.7)而非卡马西平(一种非电离的污染物)。叶片中的拉莫三嗪积累与孔隙水中可用的中性物种的浓度密切相关。我们预计,植物驱动的根际pH值变化对于多种植物物种和IOC都是重要的。要准确预测IOC的生物积累,可能需要考虑植物对根际pH的调节。
更新日期:2018-05-21
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