The sonochemical (850 kHz) reduction of Cr(VI) (0.3 mM, pH 2, reactor open to air) was analyzed in the presence of different additives. The effects on Cr(VI) reduction efficiency of added formic acid (FA, 10 mM), citric acid (Cit, 2 mM), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, 1 mM), methanol (MeOH, 0.1 M), 2-propanol (2-PrOH, 0.1 M), tert-butanol (t-BuOH, 0.1 M), phenol (PhOH, 2 mM) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS, 1 mM) have been evaluated in comparison with the system in the absence of additives. Complete Cr(VI) reduction was obtained only when using EDTA (at 120 min) and Cit (at 180 min). Cr(III) complexes with these compounds or with their degradation products were detected as final products. For EDTA, Cit, t-BuOH, FA and SLS, the Cr(VI) decay could be adjusted to a zero-order kinetics; in the cases of MeOH, EtOH and 2-PrOH, there was a deviation from the zero-order kinetics. The Cr(VI) conversion increased in the order SLS (very low) < no additive ≅ MeOH ≅ EtOH ≅ 2-PrOH < FA < t-BuOH < PhOH < Cit < EDTA. The role of EDTA and Cit in stabilizing intermediate Cr(V) peroxo compounds and enhancing their direct transformation into different Cr(III) species is considered a major factor in the acceleration of Cr(VI) reduction processes. Mechanistic pathways are proposed.

在存在不同添加剂的情况下，分析了Cr（VI）（0.3 mM，pH 2，反应器对空气开放）的声化学还原（850 kHz）。添加的甲酸（FA，10 mM），柠檬酸（Cit，2 mM），乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA，1 mM），甲醇（MeOH，0.1 M），2-丙醇（ 2-PrOH，0.1 M），叔与不含添加剂的体系相比，已评估了丁醇（叔丁醇，0.1 M），苯酚（PhOH，2 mM）和月桂基硫酸钠（SLS，1 mM）。仅当使用EDTA（120分钟）和Cit（180分钟）时，才能完全还原Cr（VI）。与这些化合物或其降解产物的Cr（III）配合物被检测为最终产物。对于EDTA，Cit，t-BuOH，FA和SLS，可以将Cr（VI）衰减调整为零级动力学。在MeOH，EtOH和2-PrOH的情况下，与零级动力学有偏差。Cr（VI）的转化率按SLS（非常低）<无添加剂≅MeOH≅EtOH≅2-PrOH <FA <t-BuOH <PhOH <Cit <EDTA的顺序增加。EDTA和Cit在稳定中间Cr（V）过氧化合物并增强其直接转化为不同Cr（III）种类中的作用被认为是加速Cr（VI）还原过程的主要因素。提出了机械途径。