This literature review puts forward a comparison between the traditional seller, usually represented by classic Industrial Organization (IO) models, and system providers, which are illustrated by Product Service System (PSS) models. A multidisciplinary systematic literature review, that compares PSS and IO models, is conducted, and ends up in to define PSS as a technology highlights the differences and similarities between classic IO and classic PSS and evaluate the weakness and strengths of different models. In total, 148 articles from different disciplines have been investigated, and a different understanding of PSS is provided. A new IO framework, that considers classic sellers and PSSs providers, is established to preserve PSS specificities and stress the role of policy maker and competition for PSSs expansion.

这篇文献综述提出了通常以经典的工业组织（IO）模型为代表的传统卖方与以产品服务系统（PSS）模型为例的系统提供商之间的比较。进行了多学科的系统文献综述，比较了PSS和IO模型，最终将PSS定义为一项技术，强调了传统IO和经典PSS之间的差异和相似之处，并评估了不同模型的弱点和优势。总共调查了148个来自不同学科的文章，并对PSS有了不同的理解。建立了一个新的IO框架，该框架考虑了经典的卖方和PSS的提供者，以保留PSS的特殊性并强调政策制定者的角色以及PSS扩展的竞争。