We present a model-based optimization approach to determine the configuration of a petroleum refinery for grassroots (new) or existing site that considers a large number of commercial technologies particularly for heavy oil processing of crude oil residue from an atmospheric distillation unit. First, we develop a superstructure representation for the refinery configuration to encompass all possible topology alternatives comprising 96 technologies and their interconnectivities. The superstructure is postulated by decomposing it to incorporate representative heavy oil processing scheme alternatives that center on the technologies for atmospheric residual hydrodesulfurization (ARDS), vacuum residual hydrodesulfurization (VRDS), and residual fluid catalytic cracking (RFCC). We formulate a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) based on the superstructure by devising logic propositions on design and structural specifications that represent these processing options to aid convergence to an optimal refinery configuration. A numerical example is illustrated to implement the proposed technique in which an equivalent of more than two million refinery plot plans is evaluated. To assess the applicability and value of the approach, we validate the results against the literature as well as compare with existing real-world refinery configurations. A main contribution of this work is to demonstrate how a mixed-integer programming approach can be applied to a large-scale petroleum refinery design problem with suitable approximations informed by practical considerations to obtain results with reasonable computational load.

中文翻译：

---

基于实际逼近的基于模型的混合整数规划方法对炼油厂配置的优化设计

我们提出了一种基于模型的优化方法来确定基层（新）或现有地点的炼油厂的配置，该工厂考虑了大量商业技术，尤其是常压蒸馏装置中原油残渣的重油加工。首先，我们为炼油厂配置开发上层建筑表示，以涵盖包括96种技术及其互连性在内的所有可能的拓扑替代方案。通过分解上层建筑来假设其合并了代表性的重油处理方案替代方案，这些方案以大气残余加氢脱硫（ARDS），真空残余加氢脱硫（VRDS）和残余流化催化裂化（RFCC）技术为中心。我们通过在设计和结构规格上设计逻辑命题来表示基于上层结构的混合整数线性程序（MILP），这些命题代表这些处理选项，以帮助收敛至最佳炼油厂配置。举例说明了一个数值示例，以实施所提出的技术，在该技术中，对等效的超过两百万精炼厂计划进行了评估。为了评估该方法的适用性和价值，我们根据文献对结果进行了验证，并与现有的实际炼油厂配置进行了比较。这项工作的主要贡献是演示如何将混合整数编程方法应用于具有实际考虑因素的适当近似值的大型石油精炼厂设计问题，从而获得具有合理计算负荷的结果。