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The Chemical History of a Bubble
Accounts of Chemical Research ( IF 16.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-17 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00088
Kenneth S. Suslick 1 , Nathan C. Eddingsaas 1 , David J. Flannigan 1 , Stephen D. Hopkins 1 , Hangxun Xu 1
Affiliation  

Acoustic cavitation (the growth, oscillation, and rapid collapse of bubbles in a liquid) occurs in all liquids irradiated with sufficient intensity of sound or ultrasound. The collapse of such bubbles creates local heating and provides a unique source of energy for driving chemical reactions. In addition to sonochemical bond scission and formation, cavitation also induces light emission in many liquids. This phenomenon of sonoluminescence (SL) has captured the imagination of many researchers since it was first observed 85 years ago. SL provides a direct probe of cavitation events and has provided most of our understanding of the conditions created inside collapsing bubbles. Spectroscopic analyses of SL from single acoustically levitated bubbles as well as from clouds of bubbles have revealed molecular, atomic, and ionic line and band emission riding atop an underlying continuum arising from radiative plasma processes. Application of spectrometric methods of pyrometry and plasma diagnostics to these spectra has permitted quantitative measurement of the intracavity conditions: relative peak intensities for temperature measurements, peak shifts and broadening for pressures, and peak asymmetries for plasma electron densities.

中文翻译:

气泡的化学史

在以足够强度的声音或超声波照射的所有液体中,都会发生声空化(气泡在液体中的生长,振荡和快速塌陷)。这种气泡的破裂会产生局部加热,并为驱动化学反应提供独特的能源。除了声化学键断裂和形成以外,空化还引起许多液体的发光。自从85年前首次观察到这种声致发光(SL)现象以来,它就吸引了许多研究人员的想象。SL提供了对空化事件的直接探测,并且使我们对崩溃的气泡内部产生的条件有了更多的了解。单个声悬浮气泡以及气泡云对SL的光谱分析表明,分子,原子,离子线和带发射位于辐射等离子体过程产生的潜在连续体之上。将高温测定法和等离子体诊断法的光谱学方法应用于这些光谱,可以对腔内条件进行定量测量:用于温度测量的相对峰强度,用于压力的峰位移和展宽以及用于等离子体电子密度的峰不对称性。
更新日期:2018-05-17
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