The increasing use of engineered organisms for industrial, clinical, and environmental applications poses a growing risk of spreading hazardous biological entities into the environment. To address this biosafety issue, significant effort has been invested in creating ways to confine these organisms and transgenic materials. Emerging technologies in synthetic biology involving genetic circuit engineering, genome editing, and gene expression regulation have led to the development of novel biocontainment systems. In this perspective, we highlight recent advances in biocontainment and suggest a number of approaches for future development, which may be applied to overcome remaining challenges in safeguard implementation.

工程有机体在工业，临床和环境应用中的越来越多的使用，构成了将危险生物实体扩散到环境中的风险。为了解决这个生物安全问题，已经投入了巨大的努力来创建限制这些生物和转基因材料的方法。合成生物学中涉及基因电路工程，基因组编辑和基因表达调控的新兴技术导致了新型生物遏制系统的发展。从这个角度出发，我们着重介绍了生物遏制技术的最新进展，并提出了许多用于未来发展的方法，这些方法可用于克服在实施保障措施方面仍然存在的挑战。