A highly dispersed Fe³⁺-Al₂O₃ catalyst (6 wt% Fe) was used for the catalytic wet hydrogen peroxide oxidation of phenol (1 g/L) in an up-flow fixed bed reactor (UFBR) under continuous operation. To enhance catalytic performance, three simple synthesis strategies were combined: two-stage impregnation of iron citrate, acid washing with CH₃COOH and thermal treatment at 900 °C. Solid samples were characterized in depth by several techniques: N₂ Physisorption, XRD, SEM–EDS, TEM, TGA, PZC, TPD of pyridine, XPS and Mössbauer. Peroxidation experiments were performed in an UFBR over a wide range of operating parameters in order to evaluate their influence on phenol mineralization and catalyst stability. Under selected operating condition (T = 90 °C, W_cat = 20 g, Q_L = 1.2 mL/min and [H₂O₂]:[Phenol] = 16.8), complete phenol conversion and remarkable TOC reduction of 90% were achieved, with a high H₂O₂ consumption efficiency (η = 76 %) and low Fe leaching (< 3 mg/L). After 70 h of usage at different steady state conditions, the catalyst retained high mineralization levels (X_TOC > 70%) but the cumulative iron loss was calculated to be c.a. 20% of the initial Fe loaded in the UFBR. The catalyst was susceptible to leaching due to the accumulation of complexing intermediates such as carboxylic acids. However, acceptable iron leaching values (< 10 mg/L) were achieved when the reactor operating conditions were properly set (55% < X_TOC > 80%). The presence of chelating by-products favored also the Fe redistribution inside the catalyst pellets. Nevertheless, catalyst decay in the long-term operation was mainly due to the occurrence and permanence of chelating organic acids. This process was specially promoted by the amphoteric character of the alumina-based catalyst. However, adsorbed species were promptly eliminated by calcination at 500 °C, recovering steady state conversion profiles.

在上流固定床反应器（UFBR）中，在连续操作下，将高度分散的Fe ³⁺ -Al ₂ O ₃催化剂（Fe含量为6 wt％）用于苯酚的湿式过氧化氢催化氧化（1 g / L）。为了增强催化性能，组合了三种简单的合成策略：柠檬酸铁的两步浸渍，用CH ₃ COOH进行酸洗和在900°C下进行热处理。通过几种技术对固体样品进行了深度表征：N ₂吡啶的物理吸收，XRD，SEM-EDS，TEM，TGA，PZC，TPD，XPS和Mössbauer。为了在UFBR中对过氧化参数进行实验，以评估其对苯酚矿化和催化剂稳定性的影响。在选定的运行条件下（T = 90°C，W _cat  = 20 g，Q _L  = 1.2 mL / min且[H ₂ O ₂ ]：[苯酚] = 16.8），苯酚完全转化并且TOC显着降低了90％实现了H ₂ O ₂的高消耗效率（η= 76％）和低Fe浸出（<3 mg / L）。在不同的稳态条件下使用70小时后，催化剂保留了较高的矿化度（X _TOC大于70％），但累积的铁损量约为UFBR中初始铁含量的20％。由于络合中间体如羧酸的积累，催化剂易于浸出。但是，当适当设定反应器运行条件（55％<X _TOC > 80％）时，可获得可接受的铁浸出值（<10 mg / L ）。螯合副产物的存在也有利于催化剂粒料中的Fe重新分布。然而，长期运行中催化剂的降解主要归因于螯合有机酸的存在和持久性。氧化铝基催化剂的两性特性特别促进了该过程。但是，在500°C下煅烧可迅速消除吸附的物质，从​​而恢复稳态转化曲线。