Glycyrrhetic acid 3‐O‐mono‐β‐d‐glucuronide (GAMG) is an important derivative of glycyrrhizin (GL) and has attracted considerable attention, especially in the food and pharmaceutical industries, due to its natural high sweetness and strong biological activities. The biotransformation process is becoming an efficient route for GAMG production with the advantages of mild reaction conditions, environmentally friendly process, and high production efficiency. Recent studies showed that several β‐glucuronidases (β‐GUS) are key GAMG‐producing enzymes, displaying a high potential to convert GL directly into the more valuable GAMG and providing new insights into the generation of high‐value compounds. This review provides details of the structural properties, health benefits, and potential applications of GAMG. The progress in the development of the biotransformation processes and fermentation strategies to improve the yield of GAMG is also discussed. This work further summarizes recent advances in the enzymatic synthesis of GAMG using β‐GUS with emphasis on the physicochemical and biological properties, molecular modifications, and enzymatic strategies to improve β‐GUS biocatalytic efficiencies. This information contributes to a better framework to explore production and application of bioactive GAMG.

中文翻译：

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甘草酸3-O-单-β-d-葡萄糖醛酸（GAMG）：一种创新的高效能甜味剂，具有改善的生物活性

甘草酸3‐O‐mono‐β‐ d葡糖醛酸苷（GAMG）是甘草甜素（GL）的重要衍生物，由于其天然的高甜度和强大的生物活性而备受关注，尤其是在食品和制药行业。生物转化工艺正以温和的反应条件，环境友好的工艺和高生产效率的优势，正成为GAMG生产的有效途径。最近的研究表明，几种β-葡萄糖醛酸糖苷酶（β-GUS）是GAMG的关键生产酶，显示出将GL直接转化为更有价值的GAMG的巨大潜力，并为高价值化合物的产生提供了新的见识。这篇综述详细介绍了GAMG的结构特性，健康益处和潜在应用。还讨论了生物转化工艺和发酵策略的发展进展，以提高GAMG的产量。这项工作进一步总结了使用β-GUS进行GAMG酶法合成的最新进展，重点是理化和生物学特性，分子修饰以及提高β-GUS生物催化效率的酶促策略。这些信息有助于探索生物活性GAMG的生产和应用的更好框架。