PbS quantum‐dot (QD) solar cells are promising candidates for low‐cost solution‐processed photovoltaics. However, the device fabrication usually requires ten more times film deposition and rinsing steps, which is not ideal for scalable manufacturing. Here, a greatly simplified deposition processing is demonstrated by replacing methanol with acetonitrile (ACN) as the rinsing solvent. It is discovered that ACN can effectively “cure” the film cracks generated from the volume loss during the solid‐state ligand‐exchange process, which enables the deposition of thick and dense films with much fewer deposition steps. Meanwhile, due to the aprotic nature of ACN, fewer trap states can be introduced during the rinsing process. As a result, with only three deposition steps for the active layer, a CPVT‐certified 11.21% power conversion efficiency is obtained, which is the highest efficiency ever reported for PbS QD solar cells employing a solid‐state ligand‐exchange process. More importantly, the simple film‐deposition processing provides an opportunity for the future application of QDs in low‐cost printing of optoelectronic devices.

中文翻译：

---

高效的PbS量子点太阳能电池，通过“溶剂固化”技术大大简化了制造工艺

PbS量子点（QD）太阳能电池是低成本溶液加工光伏电池的有前途的候选者。然而，装置制造通常需要十次以上的膜沉积和冲洗步骤，这对于可扩展制造而言不是理想的。在此，通过用乙腈（ACN）代替甲醇作为冲洗溶剂，证明了大大简化的沉积工艺。我们发现，ACN可以有效地“固化”在固态配体交换过程中由于体积损失而产生的薄膜裂纹，从而可以用更少的沉积步骤来沉积厚而致密的薄膜。同时，由于ACN的非质子性质，在冲洗过程中可以引入较少的陷阱状态。结果，对于有源层仅需三个沉积步骤，即可获得CPVT认证的11.21％功率转换效率，这是有报道的采用固态配体交换过程的PbS QD太阳能电池的最高效率。更重要的是，简单的薄膜沉积处理为量子点在光电设备的低成本印刷中的未来应用提供了机会。