Energy for a sustainable future motivates today's R&D, enabling technologies such as smart consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and smart grids. These technologies demand the use of batteries. Sunlight, an abundant clean source of energy, can alleviate the energy limits of batteries, while batteries can address photovoltaic intermittency. This perspective paper focuses on advancing concepts in PV-battery system design while providing critical discussion, review, and prospect. Reports on discrete and integrated PV-battery designs are discussed. Three key technical challenges, namely energy density, efficiency, and stability, toward further advancement of integrated PV-battery systems are discussed. We present a perspective on opportunities and future directions, highlighting key strategies on developing such PV-battery systems. Key focus should be on the development of innovative designs that incorporates high-capacity, efficient, and stable materials, emphasizing the demonstration of practical viability of such integrated PV-battery systems.

可持续发展的能源激发了当今的研发力量，推动了诸如智能消费类电子产品，电动汽车和智能电网等技术的发展。这些技术要求使用电池。阳光是丰富的清洁能源，可以减轻电池的能量限制，而电池可以解决光伏间歇性问题。本观点论文重点介绍了光伏电池系统设计中的先进概念，同时提供了重要的讨论，回顾和展望。讨论了有关分立式和集成式光伏电池设计的报告。讨论了集成光伏电池系统进一步发展的三个关键技术挑战，即能量密度，效率和稳定性。我们提出了机会和未来方向的观点，重点介绍了开发此类光伏电池系统的关键策略。