Organophosphate esters (OPEs) and other alternative flame retardants including 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EHTBB) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (BEHTBP) are ubiquitous in the Great Lakes region, having been detected in air, water, and biota samples. In a recent study, however, we showed that concentrations of six OPEs in eagle eggs were generally low (geometric mean 24 ng/g ww), and the two main Firemaster (FM) components, EHTBB and BEHTBP, were below limits of detection. We therefore hypothesized that the low levels of these compounds in bald eagles may be due to a potential rapid metabolic transformation. We measured metabolites of triaryl and trialkyl phosphates and brominated Firemaster (FM) flame retardants in 21 addled bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) eggs from 2000 to 2012 from the Michigan Bald Eagle Biosentinel Program archive. Sampling sites were divided into two groups: inland (IN) and Great Lakes (GL) based on breeding areas. Results suggest that the most abundant metabolites in the eggs are 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoic acid (TBBA) (n.d. – 330 ng/g ww), bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) (0.38–26 ng/g ww), and bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (BDBPP) (n.d. – 45 ng/g ww). Detection frequencies ranged from 67% for mono-(2-ethyhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (TBMEHP) to 100% for most of the other compounds. The relative abundances for these parent/metabolite pairs indicate that the majority of the OPEs can be readily metabolized at various rates, depending on the specific compound.

中文翻译：

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大湖区白头鹰卵中的阻燃代谢产物

大湖区普遍发现有机磷酸酯（OPE）和其他替代阻燃剂，包括2-乙基己基-2,3,4,5-四溴苯甲酸酯（EHTBB）和双（2-乙基己基）四溴邻苯二甲酸酯（BEHTBP）。空气，水和生物群样品。但是，在最近的一项研究中，我们发现鹰卵中6种OPE的浓度通常较低（几何平均数为24 ng / g ww），并且Firemaster（FM）的两种主要成分EHTBB和BEHTBP均低于检测极限。因此，我们假设白头鹰中这些化合物的含量较低可能是由于潜在的快速代谢转化所致。我们在21头秃鹰（Haliaeetus leucocephalus）中测量了磷酸三芳基酯和三烷基磷酸酯的代谢产物以及溴化Firemaster（FM）阻燃剂）从密歇根州的白头鹰生物哨兵计划档案中收集了2000年至2012年的卵。根据繁殖地区，采样地点分为两类：内陆（IN）和大湖（GL）。结果表明，鸡蛋中最丰富的代谢产物是2,3,4,5-四溴苯甲酸（TBBA）（nd – 330 ng / g ww），双（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯（BCEP）（0.38–26 ng / w g ww）和磷酸二（2,3-二溴丙基）（BDBPP）（nd – 45 ng / g ww）。检测频率的范围从单（2-乙基己基）四溴邻苯二甲酸酯（TBMEHP）的67％到大多数其他化合物的100％。这些亲本/代谢物对的相对丰度表明，取决于特定的化合物，大多数OPE可以容易地以各种速率代谢。