Point projection is a mature geometry of x-ray imaging that is implemented in scientific and industrial applications. Objects to be imaged are placed near a microscopic x-ray source, and the magnification is accomplished by x-ray propagation towards a distant detector. The source size is a trade-off between the signal level and the spatial resolution. In this work, we demonstrate multipoint-projection x-ray imaging realized with an x-ray tube and compound structured microcapillary optics that generates nearly one thousand submicrometer secondary x-ray sources. The generated microbeams are multiplexed at the object. Demultiplexing of the transmitted beams, magnification, and phase contrast are achieved by the free-space propagation. A massive improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio, relative to a single secondary source, was achieved without a loss in spatial resolution. Hence, x-ray projections of highly absorbing samples at submicrometer spatial resolution could be recorded with only a few photons per detector pixel. For weakly absorbing samples, the multipoint-projection method enabled us to record, in a parallel way, replicated in-line x-ray holograms with incoherent radiation from an x-ray tube. Our method may enrich the panel of x-ray nanoscale imaging techniques and may be adopted for on-chip x-ray photonic devices.

中文翻译：

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多点投影X射线显微镜

点投影是X射线成像的成熟几何形状，已在科学和工业应用中实现。将要成像的对象放在微观X射线源附近，并通过向远距离检测器传播X射线来实现放大。源大小是信号电平和空间分辨率之间的权衡。在这项工作中，我们演示了使用X射线管和复合结构的微毛细管光学器件实现的多点投影X射线成像，该光学器件产生了近一千个亚微米的次级X射线源。生成的微束在对象处多路复用。通过自由空间传播可以实现传输光束的解复用，放大倍率和相位对比。相对于单个次级信号源，信噪比有了很大的提高，在不损失空间分辨率的前提下实现了这一目标。因此，每个探测器像素仅需几个光子就可以记录亚微米空间分辨率下的高吸收样品的X射线投影。对于弱吸收样品，多点投影方法使我们能够以平行方式记录复制的在线X射线全息图，并带有来自X射线管的不相干辐射。我们的方法可以丰富X射线纳米级成像技术的面板，并可以用于芯片上的X射线光子设备。用来自X射线管的不相干辐射复制了在线X射线全息图。我们的方法可以丰富X射线纳米级成像技术的面板，并可以用于芯片上的X射线光子设备。用来自X射线管的不相干辐射复制了在线X射线全息图。我们的方法可以丰富X射线纳米级成像技术的面板，并可以用于芯片上的X射线光子设备。