In the present study, a fast, simple, and efficient method for the determination of PAHs in toasted bread was developed using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Parameters, such as the nature of alkaline aqueous solution, extraction and disperser solvents, microwave time, and pH, affecting MAE-DLLME performance were studied and optimized. MAE-DLLME method followed by HPLC could provide excellent enrichment factors in the range of 255–312 for PAHs. Intra- (n = 6) and inter-day (n = 5) precisions of the method were satisfactory, with relative standard deviations less than or equal to 5.78 (10 ng g⁻¹ of each analyte). Calibration curves were linear for concentrations in the range from 0.1 to 15 ng g⁻¹ and with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.997 to 0.999. Limits of detection (LODs) based on the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3 are 0.03, 0.34, 0.27, and 0.19 ng g⁻¹ for benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and chrysene, respectively. The recoveries of these compounds were from 87 to 104%. A comparison of the proposed method with the existing methods reported in the literature demonstrates that the proposed method is simple with low extraction time, cost efficient, highly selective, and sensitive; moreover, it provides good enrichment factors to determine PAHs in toasted bread.

中文翻译：

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烤面包中的多环芳烃：使用微波辅助萃取和液-液微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定

在本研究中，开发了一种使用微波辅助萃取（MAE）和分散液-液微萃取（DLLME）以及高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定烤面包中PAHs的快速，简单而有效的方法。 。研究和优化了影响MAE-DLLME性能的参数，例如碱性水溶液的性质，萃取和分散剂的溶剂，微波时间和pH。MAE-DLLME方法和HPLC可以为PAHs提供255-312范围内的优异富集因子。该方法的日内（n = 6）和日间（n = 5）精度令人满意，相对标准偏差小于或等于5.78（10 ng g ^-1每种分析物的数量）。浓度在0.1至15 ng g ^-1范围内的校正曲线是线性的，相关系数在0.997至0.999的范围内。基于信噪比（S / N）为3的检出限（LOD）为苯并[ a ]蒽，苯并[ b ]荧蒽，苯并[ a ]为0.03、0.34、0.27和0.19 ng g ^-1。分别是] py和。这些化合物的回收率为87％至104％。将该方法与文献报道的现有方法进行比较表明，该方法简单，提取时间短，具有成本效益，选择性高，灵敏度高。此外，它提供了很好的富集因子来测定烤面包中的PAHs。