Combined heat and power (CHP) is an important distributed generation type for the microgrids (MGs) with both thermal and electricity demand. In this paper, a multiparty energy management framework with electricity and heat demand response is proposed for the CHP-MG. First, in order to decide the electricity and thermal prices, an optimization profit model of a microgrid operator (MGO) is formulated including the cost of gas, the income of energy sold to the consumers, and the income of surplus electricity feed to the utility grid. The CHP system is operated in a hybrid mode by dynamically selecting the following-thermal-load mode and the following-electric-load mode. Moreover, for the building energy consumers, an optimization model is formulated containing the utility of electricity consumption, the expenditure of purchasing electricity/heat, and the comfortable degree of indoor temperature. The trading process between the MGO and consumers is designed as a one-leader $N$ -follower Stackelberg game, and the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium is proved. Finally, the case study of a CHP-MG system containing six building users is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

中文翻译：

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热电耦合需求响应的并网微电网多方能源管理

热电联产（CHP）是同时具有热和电需求的微电网（MG）的一种重要的分布式发电类型。在本文中，为CHP-MG提出了一个具有电力和热需求响应的多方能源管理框架。首先，为了确定电价和热价，制定了微电网运营商（MGO）的优化利润模型，其中包括天然气成本，出售给消费者的能源收入以及向公用事业提供的多余电力收入网格。通过动态选择跟随热负载模式和跟随电负载模式，CHP系统以混合模式运行。此外，对于建筑能耗者，制定了一个优化模型，其中包含用电量，购买电/热的支出，以及室内温度的舒适度。MGO和消费者之间的交易过程被设计为一个跟单的N元跟进Stackelberg游戏，证明了Stackelberg均衡的存在性和唯一性。最后，提供了一个包含六个建筑用户的CHP-MG系统的案例研究，以证明该方法的有效性。