Hund’s multiplicity rule invariably holds for the ground configurations of few-electron atoms as well as those of multi-electron quantum dots. However, the ordering of the corresponding interelectronic repulsions exhibits a reversal in the former but not in the latter system, upon varying the system parameters. Here, we investigate the transition between these two types of behaviour by studying few-electron atoms confined in spherical cavities. “Counter-intuitive” ordering of the interelectronic repulsions is confirmed when the nuclear charge is low enough and the cavity radius is large enough.

中文翻译：

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受限原子中的单重态与三重态电子间排斥

洪德的多重性规则始终适用于少数电子原子以及多电子量子点的接地构型。但是，在改变系统参数时，相应的电子互斥的顺序在前者系统中呈现相反的趋势，而在后者系统中则没有。在这里，我们通过研究局限在球形腔中的少数电子原子来研究这两种行为之间的过渡。当核电荷足够低且腔半径足够大时，可以确认电子间斥力的“反直觉”排序。