Ten undescribed triterpene saponins, named erythrosaponins A-J, along with one known analogue were isolated from the roots and stem bark of Gardenia erythroclada. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR analyses. Absolute structure of erythrosaponin A was unequivocally affirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines (KB and HeLa S-3) and their anti-inflammatory activity based on the inhibition of NO production in RAW264.7 cells. Erythrosaponin D showed moderate cytotoxicity against KB and HeLa S-3 cells with IC50 values of 25.8 and 29.5 μM, respectively. Erythrosaponins D, F, G, I and J showed moderate anti-inflammatory with IC50 values in the range of 63.0-81.4 μM.

中文翻译：

---

Erythrosaponins A–J，来自栀子根和茎皮的三萜皂苷

从栀子的根和茎皮中分离出 10 种未描述的三萜皂苷，命名为 erythrosaponins AJ，以及一种已知的类似物。它们的结构是在广泛的 1D 和 2D 核磁共振分析的基础上确定的。单晶 X 射线晶体学明确证实了赤皂苷 A 的绝对结构。基于对 RAW264.7 细胞中 NO 产生的抑制，评估了所有分离的化合物对癌细胞系（KB 和 HeLa S-3）的细胞毒性和抗炎活性。Erythrosaponin D 对 KB 和 HeLa S-3 细胞显示出中等的细胞毒性，IC50 值分别为 25.8 和 29.5 μM。红皂苷 D、F、G、I 和 J 显示出中等抗炎作用，IC50 值在 63.0-81.4 μM 的范围内。