Marine-derived fungi of the genus Penicillium represent a huge potential for synthesizing the secondary metabolites with structural and bioactive uniqueness and diversity. In this study, six previously undescribed compounds peniciphenalenins A-F and four known compounds (+)-sclerodin, (+)-scleroderolide, (+)-sclerodione, and physcion were isolated from the culture of a marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. ZZ901. Structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by a combination of extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis, HRESIMS data, optical rotation value, ECD calculation, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Peniciphenalenins A-C are the second examples of the type of neoherqueinones. The possible biosynthetic route of nine phenalenone derivatives has been suggested. The known (+)-scleroderolide showed both antiproliferative activity against glioma cells with IC50 values of 23.24-37.26 μM and antibacterial activity in suppressing the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with MIC values of 7.0 and 9.0 μg/mL, respectively.

中文翻译：

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来自海洋相关真菌 Penicillium sp. 的培养物中的 Peniciphenalenins A-F。ZZ901

海洋来源的青霉属真菌代表了合成具有结构和生物活性独特性和多样性的次生代谢物的巨大潜力。在这项研究中，从海洋来源的真菌 Penicillium sp. 的培养物中分离出六种以前未描述的化合物青霉素 AF 和四种已知化合物 (+)-sclerodin、(+)-scleroderolide、(+)-sclerodione 和 physcion。ZZ901。通过广泛的核磁共振光谱分析、HRESIMS 数据、旋光值、ECD 计算和单晶 X 射线衍射的组合阐明了分离的化合物的结构。Peniciphenalenins AC 是新herqueinones 类型的第二个例子。已经提出了九种苯酚衍生物的可能生物合成途径。