Importance Prior studies demonstrate a high prevalence of burnout and depression among surgeons. Limited data exist regarding how these conditions are perceived by the surgical community.

Objectives To measure prevalence of burnout and depression among general surgery trainees and to characterize how residents and attendings perceive these conditions.

Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used unique, anonymous surveys for residents and attendings that were administered via a web-based platform from November 1, 2016, through March 31, 2017. All residents and attendings in the 6 general surgery training programs in North Carolina were invited to participate.

Main Outcomes and Measures The prevalence of burnout and depression among residents was assessed using validated tools. Burnout was defined by high emotional exhaustion or depersonalization on the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Depression was defined by a score of 10 or greater on the Patient Health Questionnaire–9. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess predictive factors for burnout and depression. Residents’ and attendings’ perceptions of these conditions were analyzed for significant similarities and differences.

Results In this study, a total of 92 residents and 55 attendings responded. Fifty-eight of 77 residents with complete responses (75%) met criteria for burnout, and 30 of 76 (39%) met criteria for depression. Of those with burnout, 28 of 58 (48%) were at elevated risk of depression (P = .03). Nine of 77 residents (12%) had suicidal ideation in the past 2 weeks. Most residents (40 of 76 [53%]) correctly estimated that more than 50% of residents had burnout, whereas only 13 of 56 attendings (23%) correctly estimated this prevalence (P < .001). Forty-two of 83 residents (51%) and 42 of 56 attendings (75%) underestimated the true prevalence of depression (P = .002). Sixty-six of 73 residents (90%) and 40 of 51 attendings (78%) identified the same top 3 barriers to seeking care for burnout: inability to take time off to seek treatment, avoidance or denial of the problem, and negative stigma toward those seeking care.

Conclusions and Relevance The prevalence of burnout and depression was high among general surgery residents in this study. Attendings and residents underestimated the prevalence of these conditions but acknowledged common barriers to seeking care. Discrepancies in actual and perceived levels of burnout and depression may hinder wellness interventions. Increasing understanding of these perceptions offers an opportunity to develop practical solutions.

重要性 先前的研究表明，外科医生中的倦怠和抑郁症患病率很高。关于手术社区如何看待这些状况的数据有限。

目的 测量普通外科实习生的倦怠和抑郁症患病率，并表征居民和就诊者如何看待这些情况。

设计，设置和参加者 该横断面研究使用了针对居民和就诊者的独特，匿名调查，调查从2016年11月1日至2017年3月31日通过基于网络的平台进行。6例普通外科手术中的所有居民和就诊者邀请了北卡罗来纳州的培训计划。

主要结果和措施 使用经过验证的工具评估居民的倦怠和抑郁症患病率。倦怠是由Maslach倦怠量表上的极度情绪疲惫或人格解体定义的。抑郁症的定义是在《患者健康调查问卷》第9分中得分为10分或更高。线性和逻辑回归模型用于评估倦怠和抑郁的预测因素。分析了居民和参会者对这些情况的看法，以发现它们之间的重大异同。

结果 在这项研究中，共有92位居民和55位就诊者对此做出了回应。在77位居民中，有58位完全反应（75％）达到了倦怠标准，在76位居民中有30位（39％）达到了抑郁标准。患有倦怠的人中，有58人中的28人（48％）的患抑郁症的风险增加（P  = .03）。在过去2周中，有77位居民中有9位（12％）有自杀念头。大多数居民（76人中的40人[53％]）正确地估计有50％以上的居民有倦怠感，而56名参加者中只有13人（23％）正确地估计了这一患病率（P  <.001）。83位居民中的42位（51％）和56位就诊者中的42位（75％）低估了抑郁症的真实患病率（P = .002）。73位居民中的66位（90％）和51位就诊者中的40位（78％）确定了寻求职业倦怠的三大障碍：无法抽出时间寻求治疗，避免或否认该问题以及负面的污名对那些寻求护理的人。

结论与相关性 本研究中，普通外科住院医师的倦怠和抑郁症患病率很高。来访者和居民低估了这些疾病的患病率，但承认寻求护理的常见障碍。实际和感觉到的倦怠和抑郁水平差异可能会妨碍健康干预。对这些看法的加深了解为开发实际解决方案提供了机会。