Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by synovial joint inflammation and cartilage and bone tissue destruction. Although there exist some treatment strategies for RA, they are not completely safe and effective. Therefore, it is important to develop and test new drugs for RA that specifically target inflamed/swollen joints and simultaneously attenuate other possible damages to healthy tissues. Nanotechnology can be a good alternative to consider when envisioning precise medication for treating RA. Through the use of nanoparticles, it is possible to increase bioavailability and bioactivity of therapeutics and enable selective targeting to damaged joints. Herein, recent studies using nanoparticles for the treatment of RA, namely with liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and metallic nanoparticles, have been reviewed. These therapeutic strategies have shown great promise in improving the treatment over that by traditional drugs. The results of these studies confirm that feasibility of the use of nanoparticles is mainly due to their biocompatibility, low toxicity, controlled release, and selective drug delivery to inflamed tissues in animal RA models. Therefore, it is possible to claim that nanotechnology will, in the near future, play a crucial role in advanced treatments and patient-specific therapies for human diseases such as RA.

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类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种慢性炎症性疾病，其特征是滑膜关节发炎，软骨和骨组织破坏。尽管存在一些针对RA的治疗策略，但它们并不完全安全有效。因此，重要的是开发和测试针对RA的新药，这些新药应专门针对发炎/肿胀的关节，并同时减轻对健康组织的其他可能损害。在设想用于治疗RA的精确药物时，可以考虑使用纳米技术。通过使用纳米颗粒，可以增加治疗剂的生物利用度和生物活性，并能够选择性地靶向受损的关节。在此，最近使用纳米颗粒治疗RA的研究，即脂质体，聚合物纳米颗粒，树状聚合物和金属纳米颗粒，已审查。这些治疗策略在改善传统药物治疗方面显示出巨大的希望。这些研究的结果证实，使用纳米颗粒的可行性主要是由于它们的生物相容性，低毒性，受控释放以及选择性地将药物递送至动物RA模型中的发炎组织。因此，有可能声称纳米技术将在不久的将来在人类疾病（例如RA）的先进治疗和针对患者的疗法中发挥关键作用。选择性地将药物递送至动物RA模型中的发炎组织。因此，有可能声称纳米技术将在不久的将来在人类疾病（例如RA）的先进治疗和针对患者的疗法中发挥关键作用。选择性地将药物递送至动物RA模型中的发炎组织。因此，有可能声称纳米技术将在不久的将来在人类疾病（例如RA）的先进治疗和针对患者的疗法中发挥关键作用。

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