Effects of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine on Rat Behaviors Relevant to Anxiety and Depression.,ACS Chemical Neuroscience

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Effects of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine on Rat Behaviors Relevant to Anxiety and Depression.
ACS Chemical Neuroscience ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-04-24 , DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00134
Lindsay P Cameron ₁ , Charlie J Benson ₂ , Lee E Dunlap ₂ , David E Olson _{2,

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Affiliation

Depression and anxiety disorders are debilitating diseases resulting in substantial economic costs to society. Traditional antidepressants often take weeks to months to positively affect mood and are ineffective for about 30% of the population. Alternatives, such as ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic capable of producing hallucinations, and the psychoactive tisane ayahuasca, have shown great promise due to their fast-acting nature and effectiveness in treatment-resistant populations. Here, we investigate the effects of N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), the principle hallucinogenic component of ayahuasca, in rodent behavioral assays relevant to anxiety and depression using adult, male, Sprague-Dawley rats. We find that while DMT elicits initial anxiogenic responses in several of these paradigms, its long-lasting effects tend to reduce anxiety by facilitating the extinction of cued fear memory. Furthermore, DMT reduces immobility in the forced swim test, which is a characteristic behavioral response induced by many antidepressants. Our results demonstrate that DMT produces antidepressant and anxiolytic behavioral effects in rodents, warranting further investigation of ayahuasca and classical psychedelics as treatments for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.

中文翻译：

N,N-二甲基色胺对与焦虑和抑郁相关的大鼠行为的影响。

抑郁症和焦虑症是使人衰弱的疾病，给社会带来巨大的经济损失。传统的抗抑郁药物通常需要数周至数月的时间才能对情绪产生积极影响，并且对大约 30% 的人无效。氯胺酮（一种能够产生幻觉的解离麻醉剂）和具有精神活性的死藤水等替代品，由于其速效性质和对治疗抵抗人群的有效性而显示出巨大的前景。在这里，我们使用成年雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠，研究了 N,N-二甲基色胺 (DMT)（死藤水的主要致幻成分）在与焦虑和抑郁相关的啮齿动物行为测定中的影响。我们发现，虽然 DMT 在其中一些范例中引发了最初的焦虑反应，但其长期效果往往通过促进暗示的恐惧记忆的消除来减少焦虑。此外，DMT 会减少强迫游泳测试中的不动性，这是许多抗抑郁药诱发的特征性行为反应。我们的结果表明，DMT 对啮齿动物产生抗抑郁和抗焦虑的行为作用，值得进一步研究死藤水和经典迷幻药作为抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍的治疗方法。

更新日期：2018-04-17

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