Minimally invasive treatment is getting more and more important in an aging society. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of ICG loaded on super carbonate apatite (sCA) nanoparticles as a novel photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancers. Using colon cancer cells, ICG uptake and anti-tumor effects were examined between the treatments of ICG and sCA-ICG. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and temperature rise were also evaluated to explore the underlying mechanism. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the size of sCA-ICG ranged from 10 to 20 nm. In aqueous solution with 0.5% albumin, the temperature increase after laser irradiation was 27.1°C and 23.1°C in sCA-ICG and ICG, respectively (control DW: 5.7°C). A significant increase in ROS generation was noted in cell cultures treated with sCA-ICG plus irradiation compared with those treated with ICG plus irradiation (P < 0.01). Uptake of ICG in the tumor cells significantly increased in sCA-ICG compared with ICG in vitro and in vivo. The fluorescence signals of ICG in the tumor, liver, and kidney faded away in both treatments by 24 hours. Finally, the HT29 tumors treated with sCA-ICG followed by irradiation exhibited drastic tumor growth retardation (P < 0.01), whereas irradiation of tumors after injection of ICG did not inhibit tumor growth. This study shows that sCA is a useful vehicle for ICG-based PDT. Quick withdrawal of ICG from normal organs is unique to sCA-ICG and contrasts with the other nanoparticles remaining in normal organs for a long time. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1613–22. ©2018 AACR.

中文翻译：

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使用加载在超级碳酸盐磷灰石上的吲哚菁绿作为微创癌症治疗的光动力疗法

在老龄化社会，微创治疗变得越来越重要。本研究的目的是探索装载在超碳酸盐磷灰石 (sCA) 纳米颗粒上的 ICG 作为一种新型光动力疗法 (PDT) 对抗癌症的可能性。使用结肠癌细胞，检查了 ICG 和 sCA-ICG 治疗之间的 ICG 摄取和抗肿瘤作用。还评估了活性氧 (ROS) 的产生和温度升高，以探索潜在的机制。原子力显微镜显示 sCA-ICG 的大小范围为 10 到 20 nm。在含有 0.5% 白蛋白的水溶液中，sCA-ICG 和 ICG 中激光照射后的温度升高分别为 27.1°C 和 23.1°C（对照 DW：5.7°C）。与用 ICG 加辐照处理的细胞培养物相比，用 sCA-ICG 加辐照处理的细胞培养物中 ROS 生成显着增加（P < 0.01）。与体外和体内的ICG相比，sCA-ICG中肿瘤细胞对ICG的摄取显着增加。肿瘤、肝脏和肾脏中 ICG 的荧光信号在两种治疗中均在 24 小时内逐渐消失。最后，用 sCA-ICG 随后照射治疗的 HT29 肿瘤表现出显着的肿瘤生长迟缓（P < 0.01），而注射 ICG 后对肿瘤的照射并未抑制肿瘤生长。这项研究表明，sCA 是基于 ICG 的 PDT 的有用工具。从正常器官快速撤出 ICG 是 sCA-ICG 的独特之处，与其他长时间留在正常器官中的纳米颗粒形成对比。摩尔癌症治疗; 17(7); 1613-22。