Essentially, all cellular functions are executed by proteins. Different physiological and pathological conditions dynamically control various properties of proteins, including expression levels, post-translational modifications (PTMs), protein–protein interactions, enzymatic activity, etc. Thus far, the vast majority of proteomic efforts have been focused on quantitative profiling of protein abundance/expression and their PTMs. In this article, we review some recent exciting progress in the development of proteomic approaches to examine protein functions from perspectives other than expression levels and PTMs. Specifically, we discuss advancements in proximity-based labeling, analysis of protein termini and newly synthesized proteins, and activity-based protein profiling.

本质上，所有细胞功能都是由蛋白质执行的。不同的生理和病理条件可以动态控制蛋白质的各种特性，包括表达水平，翻译后修饰（PTM），蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用，酶活性等。蛋白质丰度/表达及其PTM。在本文中，我们将从表达水平和PTM以外的角度回顾蛋白质组学方法研究蛋白质功能的最新进展。具体来说，我们讨论了基于邻近度的标记，蛋白质末端和新合成蛋白质的分析以及基于活性的蛋白质谱分析的进展。