Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers can release their bioactive cargo “on demand”, potentially improving the selectivity, specificity, and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. Light of wavelengths between 650–1100 nm is a unique stimulus with many advantages. It is noninvasive and “bio-friendly” and can be manipulated with precision and ease. Many light-responsive nanocarriers reported in the literature employ photochromic molecules that undergo reversible isomerization upon irradiation, thereby functioning as gates or switches for the release of encapsulated bioactive compounds. This review surveys the design, synthesis, function, and application of one-photon visible and near-infrared light-triggered photoswitchable compounds in the development of long-wavelength light-responsive nanocarriers.

中文翻译：

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长波长光响应药物传递中的光开关分子：从分子设计到应用。

刺激响应性纳米载体可以“按需”释放其生物活性物质，从而有可能提高治疗药物的选择性，特异性和功效。波长在650-1100 nm之间的光是一种独特的刺激物，具有许多优点。它是无创且“生物友好”的，并且可以精确，轻松地进行操作。文献中报道的许多光响应性纳米载体使用光致变色分子，该光致变色分子在辐照时经历可逆的异构化，从而用作释放封装的生物活性化合物的门或开关。本文综述了单光子可见光和近红外光触发的光可开关化合物在长波长光响应纳米载体开发中的设计，合成，功能和应用。