Lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is a novel electrochemical energy storage device that bridges the performance gap between the electrical double-layer capacitor and lithium ion battery. In this work, we fabricated lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) with activated carbon (AC) positive electrode and pre-lithiated hard carbon (HC) negative electrode. The effect of low temperature on the electrochemical performance of LIC is investigated by the galvanostatic charging-discharging, electrochemical impedance tests, rate performance and cycle performance testing. The electrolyte viscosity increases, the ionic conductivity decreases and ionic migration becomes slow in the charge-discharge process with the decrease of temperature, causing the increase of resistance and the electrochemical polarization, which is responsible for the attenuation of LIC electrochemical performance. LIC at the temperature of −20 °C exhibits the optimal low temperature electrochemical performance, high energy density up to 76.6 Wh kg⁻¹ and power density as high as 5.8 kW kg⁻¹ (based on active material mass of two electrodes), excellent capacity retention of 80.1% after 5000 cycles.

锂离子电容器（LIC）是一种新型的电化学储能装置，可弥合双电层电容器和锂离子电池之间的性能差距。在这项工作中，我们制造了具有活性炭（AC）正极和预锂化硬碳（HC）负极的锂离子电容器（LIC）。通过恒电流充放电，电化学阻抗测试，速率性能和循环性能测试，研究了低温对LIC电化学性能的影响。随着温度的降低，在充放电过程中电解质粘度增加，离子电导率降低，离子迁移变慢，从而导致电阻增加和电化学极化，这是导致LIC电化学性能下降的原因。LIC在−20°C的温度下表现出最佳的低温电化学性能，高达76.6 Wh kg的高能量密度^-1和功率密度高达5.8 kW kg ^-1（基于两个电极的活性材料质量），在5000次循环后的出色的容量保持率为80.1％。