The substantial research efforts into lignocellulosic biofuels have generated an abundance of valuable knowledge and technologies for metabolic engineering. In particular, these investments have led to a vast growth in proficiency of engineering the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for consuming lignocellulosic sugars, enabling the simultaneous assimilation of multiple carbon sources, and producing a large variety of value-added products by introduction of heterologous metabolic pathways. While microbial conversion of cellulosic sugars into large-volume low-value biofuels is not currently economically feasible, there may still be opportunities to produce other value-added chemicals as regulation of cellulosic sugar metabolism is quite different from glucose metabolism. This review summarizes these recent advances with an emphasis on employing engineered yeast for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic sugars into a variety of non-ethanol value-added products.

对木质纤维素生物燃料的大量研究工作为代谢工程产生了大量有价值的知识和技术。尤其是，这些投资大大提高了对酿酒酵母酵母的工程改造能力用于消耗木质纤维素糖，能够同时吸收多种碳源，并通过引入异源代谢途径生产多种增值产品。虽然将纤维素糖微生物转化为大量低价值的生物燃料目前在经济上不可行，但由于纤维素糖代谢的调节与葡萄糖代谢有很大不同，因此仍有机会生产其他增值化学品。这篇综述总结了这些最新进展，重点是利用工程酵母将木质纤维素糖生物转化为各种非乙醇增值产品。