Introduction: Despite widespread administration of programmed death receptor 1 (PD‐1) pathway inhibitors among individuals with NSCLC, little is known about the safety and activity of these agents among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) – infected patients since this population has largely been excluded from immunotherapy clinical trials. Methods: Here, we describe seven patients with metastatic NSCLC and HIV infection who were treated with PD‐1 inhibitors nivolumab (two cases) or pembrolizumab (five cases with three in the first‐line setting). Results: Partial responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors were observed in three of seven cases. Among four patients with a programmed death ligand‐1 tumor proportion score ≥50%, three partial responses were observed. All patients received antiretroviral therapy while on anti–PD‐1 treatment. None of the patients experienced grade 3 or 4 immune‐related adverse events or immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, and none required PD‐1 inhibitor dose interruption or discontinuation due to toxicity. Conclusions: Nivolumab and pembrolizumab can be safe and effective among patients with NSCLC and HIV. Larger studies will be needed to determine the overall safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors among cancer patients with HIV.

中文翻译：

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PD-1 抑制剂在 HIV 阳性非小细胞肺癌患者中的安全性和有效性

简介：尽管程序性死亡受体 1 (PD-1) 通路抑制剂在非小细胞肺癌患者中广泛使用，但人们对这些药物在人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染的患者中的安全性和活性知之甚少，因为该人群已基本被排除在外来自免疫治疗临床试验。方法：在此，我们描述了 7 名接受 PD-1 抑制剂纳武单抗（2 例）或派姆单抗（5 例，其中 3 例在一线治疗）治疗的转移性 NSCLC 和 HIV 感染患者。结果：在七个病例中的三个中观察到对免疫检查点抑制剂的部分反应。在程序性死亡配体-1 肿瘤比例评分≥50% 的四名患者中，观察到三名部分反应。所有患者在抗 PD-1 治疗期间均接受了抗逆转录病毒治疗。没有患者出现 3 级或 4 级免疫相关不良事件或免疫重建炎症综合征，也没有患者因毒性而需要 PD-1 抑制剂剂量中断或停药。结论：Nivolumab 和 pembrolizumab 在 NSCLC 和 HIV 患者中是安全有效的。需要更大规模的研究来确定免疫检查点抑制剂在 HIV 癌症患者中的总体安全性和有效性。