Stream depletion due to groundwater extraction by wells may cause impact on aquatic ecosystem in streams, conflict over water rights, and contamination of water from irrigation wells near polluted streams. A variety of studies have been devoted to addressing the issue of stream depletion, but a fundamental framework for analytical modeling developed from aquifer viewpoint has not yet been found. This review shows key differences in existing models regarding the stream depletion problem and provides some guidelines for choosing a proper analytical model in solving the problem of concern. We introduce commonly used models composed of flow equations, boundary conditions, well representations and stream treatments for confined, unconfined, and leaky aquifers. They are briefly evaluated and classified according to six categories of aquifer type, flow dimension, aquifer domain, stream representation, stream channel geometry, and well type. Finally, we recommend promising analytical approaches that can solve stream depletion problem in reality with aquifer heterogeneity and irregular geometry of stream channel. Several unsolved stream depletion problems are also recommended.

由于井抽取地下水而引起的溪流枯竭可能会对溪流中的水生生态系统产生影响，与水权发生冲突，并污染河流附近的灌溉井中的水。已经进行了各种研究来解决流耗竭的问题，但是尚未发现从含水层的观点开发的分析模型的基本框架。这篇综述显示了现有模型中关于流耗问题的关键差异，并提供了一些指南，供您选择适当的分析模型来解决相关问题。我们介绍了常用的模型，该模型由流量方程，边界条件，井表示和受限，无限制和渗漏含水层的流处理组成。根据六类含水层类型对它们进行了简要评估和分类，流量尺寸，含水层域，流表示形式，流通道几何形状和井类型。最后，我们推荐有前途的分析方法，可以解决含水层非均质性和不规则几何形状的河道的现实问题。还建议您解决几个未解决的流耗问题。