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Is disease a major causal factor in declines? An Evidence Framework and case study on koala chlamydiosis
Biological Conservation ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2018.03.030
Laura F. Grogan , Alison J. Peel , Douglas Kerlin , William Ellis , Darryl Jones , Jean-Marc Hero , Hamish McCallum

Determining the role of an infectious agent in contributing to wildlife population declines is a pervasive problem in the field of conservation biology. We expand on a recently proposed broad investigative approach for disease, with a systematic framework outlining the specific types of individual- and population-scale empirical evidence required to demonstrate whether a pathogen is a component cause of declines in wild animal populations. Using koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) population declines and their putative association with the bacterial disease chlamydiosis (Family Chlamydiaceae) as a case study, we review the relevant published literature and synthesize a logical conceptual argument based on our suggested framework. Available empirical evidence supports a role for chlamydiosis contributing to host mortality and sterility, and cannot rule out a role of chlamydiosis as a component cause of koala population declines. However, the relative importance of chlamydiosis (among other threatening processes) as a driver of changes in koala demography and autecology may differ depending on the particular population or system examined, and this has yet to be elucidated over the koala's distributional range. Our approach allows us to highlight current research gaps in order to assist with future policy planning and conservation strategy. We recommend that a similar approach will assist in the evaluation of the role of disease in population declines in other ecological systems.

中文翻译:

疾病是导致衰退的主要因素吗?考拉衣原体病的证据框架和案例研究

确定传染因子在导致野生动物种群减少中的作用是保护生物学领域的一个普遍问题。我们扩展了最近提出的广泛的疾病调查方法,并用一个系统框架概述了证明病原体是否是野生动物种群下降的一个组成部分所需的特定类型的个体和群体规模的经验证据。使用考拉(Phascolarctos cinereus)种群下降及其与细菌性疾病衣原体病(衣原体科)的假定关联作为案例研究,我们回顾了相关的已发表文献,并基于我们建议的框架综合了一个逻辑概念论证。现有的经验证据支持衣原体病导致宿主死亡和不育的作用,并且不能排除衣原体病作为考拉数量下降的一个组成部分的作用。然而,衣原体病(以及其他威胁性过程)作为考拉人口学和自学变化的驱动因素的相对重要性可能因所检查的特定种群或系统而异,这在考拉的分布范围内尚未阐明。我们的方法使我们能够突出当前的研究差距,以协助未来的政策规划和保护战略。我们建议类似的方法将有助于评估疾病在其他生态系统中人口下降中的作用。衣原体病(以及其他威胁性过程)作为考拉人口学和自学变化的驱动因素的相对重要性可能因所检查的特定种群或系统而异,这在考拉的分布范围内尚未阐明。我们的方法使我们能够突出当前的研究差距,以协助未来的政策规划和保护战略。我们建议类似的方法将有助于评估疾病在其他生态系统中人口下降中的作用。衣原体病(以及其他威胁性过程)作为考拉人口学和自学变化的驱动因素的相对重要性可能因所检查的特定种群或系统而异,这在考拉的分布范围内尚未阐明。我们的方法使我们能够突出当前的研究差距,以协助未来的政策规划和保护战略。我们建议类似的方法将有助于评估疾病在其他生态系统中人口下降中的作用。
更新日期:2018-05-01
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