Abstract Transmission and distribution electricity grids are expanding rapidly worldwide, with significant negative impacts on biodiversity and, in particular, on birds. We performed a systematic review of the literature available on bird collisions with power lines to: (i) assess overall trends in scientific research in recent decades; (ii) review the existing knowledge of species-specific factors (e.g. vision, morphology), site-specific factors (e.g. topography, light and weather conditions, and anthropogenic disturbance), and power line-specific factors (e.g. number of wire levels, wire height and diameter) known to contribute to increased bird collision risk; and (iii) evaluate existing mitigation measures (e.g. power line routing, underground cabling, power line configuration, wire marking), as well as their effectiveness in reducing collision risk. Our literature review showed (i) there is comparatively little scientific evidence available for power line-specific factors, (ii) there is a scarcity of studies in Asia, Africa and South America, and (iii) several recommendations of good practice are still not supported by scientific evidence. Based on knowledge gaps identified through this review, we outline suggestions for future research and possible innovative approaches in three main areas: bird behaviour (e.g. further use of loggers and sensors), impact assessment (e.g. understanding the drivers of mortality hotspots, assess population-level impacts, develop methods for automatic detection of collisions) and mitigation measures (e.g. further need of BACI approaches to compare the effectiveness of different wire marking devices). The complex and region-specific interactions between collision drivers and bird ecology continue to limit our ability to predict impacts and the success of mitigation measures.

中文翻译：

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鸟类与电线的碰撞：研究的最新进展和优先领域

摘要 输配电电网在全球范围内迅速扩张，对生物多样性，尤其是鸟类产生了重大负面影响。我们对有关鸟类与电线相撞的现有文献进行了系统审查，以：(i) 评估近几十年来科学研究的总体趋势；(ii) 审查物种特定因素（例如视觉、形态）、地点特定因素（例如地形、光照和天气条件以及人为干扰）和电力线特定因素（例如电线层数、线的高度和直径）已知会增加鸟类碰撞风险；(iii) 评估现有的缓解措施（例如电力线布线、地下布线、电力线配置、电线标记），以及它们在降低碰撞风险方面的有效性。我们的文献回顾表明 (i) 电力线特定因素的科学证据相对较少，(ii) 亚洲、非洲和南美洲的研究很少，以及 (iii) 一些良好实践的建议仍然没有有科学证据支持。基于通过本次审查确定的知识差距，我们概述了在三个主要领域的未来研究和可能的创新方法的建议：鸟类行为（例如进一步使用记录器和传感器）、影响评估（例如了解死亡率热点的驱动因素、评估种群——水平影响，开发自动检测碰撞的方法）和缓解措施（例如，进一步需要 BACI 方法来比较不同线标记设备的有效性）。