Multifunctional surfaces that are favorable for both droplet nucleation and removal are highly desirable for water harvesting applications but are rare. Inspired by the unique functions of pitcher plants and rice leaves, we present a hydrophilic directional slippery rough surface (SRS) that is capable of rapidly nucleating and removing water droplets. Our surfaces consist of nanotextured directional microgrooves in which the nanotextures alone are infused with hydrophilic liquid lubricant. We have shown through molecular dynamics simulations that the physical origin of the efficient droplet nucleation is attributed to the hydrophilic surface functional groups, whereas the rapid droplet removal is due to the significantly reduced droplet pinning of the directional surface structures and slippery interface. We have further demonstrated that the SRS, owing to its large surface area, hydrophilic slippery interface, and directional liquid repellency, outperforms conventional liquid-repellent surfaces in water harvesting applications.

中文翻译：

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用于集水的亲水性定向光滑粗糙表面。

有利于液滴成核和去除的多功能表面对于集水应用是非常需要的，但很少见。受猪笼草和稻叶的独特功能的启发，我们提出了一种亲水性定向的光滑粗糙表面（SRS），该表面能够快速成核并去除水滴。我们的表面由纳米纹理定向微槽组成，其中仅纳米结构被注入亲水性液体润滑剂。我们已经通过分子动力学模拟表明，有效的液滴成核的物理起源是由亲水性表面官能团引起的，而液滴的快速去除则是由于定向表面结构和光滑界面的液滴钉扎现象明显减少。我们进一步证明了SRS，