Neuritin is a member of the neurotrophic factor family, which is activated by neural activity and neurotrophins, and promotes neurite growth and branching. It has shown to play an important role in neuronal plasticity and regeneration. It is also involved in other biological processes such as angiogenesis, tumorigenesis and immunomodulation. Thus far, however, the primary mechanisms of neuritin, including whether or not it acts through a receptor or which downstream signals might be activated following binding, are not fully understood. Recent evidence suggests that neuritin may be a potential therapeutic target in several neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the recent advances in studies regarding the newly identified functions of neuritin and the signaling pathways related to these functions. We also discuss current hot topics and difficulties in neuritin research.

中文翻译：

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神经营养因子神经突蛋白的功能和相关信号通路。

神经突蛋白是神经营养因子家族的一员，由神经活动和神经营养蛋白激活，促进神经突生长和分支。它已被证明在神经元可塑性和再生中发挥重要作用。它还参与其他生物过程，如血管生成、肿瘤发生和免疫调节。然而，迄今为止，神经突蛋白的主要机制，包括它是否通过受体发挥作用，或者结合后可能激活哪些下游信号，尚不完全清楚。最近的证据表明神经突蛋白可能是多种神经退行性疾病的潜在治疗靶点。本综述重点关注新发现的神经突蛋白功能以及与这些功能相关的信号通路的研究最新进展。我们还讨论了当前神经蛋白研究的热点和难点。