Intercalation of Bi nanoparticles into graphite results in an ultra-fast and ultra-stable anode material for sodium-ion batteries†,Energy & Environmental Science

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Intercalation of Bi nanoparticles into graphite results in an ultra-fast and ultra-stable anode material for sodium-ion batteries†
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-26 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ee03016a
Ji Chen _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Xiulin Fan _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Xiao Ji _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Tao Gao _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Singyuk Hou _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Xiuquan Zhou _{2,

3,

4,

5} , Luning Wang _{2,

3,

4,

5} , Fei Wang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Chongyin Yang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Long Chen _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Chunsheng Wang _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have been revived as important alternative energy storage devices for large-scale energy storage, which requires SIBs to have a long cycling life and high power density. However, the scarcity of suitable anode materials hinders their application. Herein, we report a bismuth intercalated graphite (Bi@Graphite) anode material, which is substantially different from the previously reported metal@Graphene. In Bi@Graphite, the Bi nanoparticles between graphite interlayers enhance the capacity, while the graphite sheath provides a robust fast electronic connection for long cycling stability. The Bi@Graphite possesses a safe average storage potential of approximately 0.5 V vs. Na/Na⁺, delivers a capacity of ∼160 mA h g⁻¹ at 1C (160 mA g⁻¹), exhibits outstanding cycling stability (ca. 90% capacity retention for 10 000 cycles at 20C), and can maintain 70% capacity at 300C (∼110 mA h g⁻¹ at 48 A g⁻¹), which is equivalent to full charge/discharge in 12 s. Bi@Graphite demonstrates the highest rate-capability ever reported among all anodes for SIBs. Detailed characterization results indicate that the unique Bi nanoparticle-in-graphite structure and the fast kinetics of ether co-intercalation into graphite are responsible for these significant improvements, which could translate into SIBs with excellent power densities.

中文翻译：

将Bi纳米粒子嵌入石墨中可形成用于钠离子电池的超快速和超稳定阳极材料†

钠离子电池（SIB）已作为大规模能量存储的重要替代性能量存储设备而复兴，这要求SIB具有较长的循环寿命和高功率密度。然而，合适的阳极材料的缺乏阻碍了它们的应用。在此，我们报告了一种铋插层石墨（Bi @ Graphite）阳极材料，该材料与先前报道的metal @ Graphene显着不同。在Bi @ Graphite中，石墨夹层之间的Bi纳米粒子增强了容量，而石墨护套则提供了强大的快速电子连接，从而具有长循环稳定性。碧@石墨具有约0.5伏的安全存储平均电位与钠/钠⁺，提供了一个容量~160毫安的Hg ^-1在1C（160毫安克^-1）表现出出色的循环稳定性（在20C下10 000次循环中约90％的容量保持率），在300C（48 A g^-1时约110 mA hg^-1）下可以保持70％的容量，相当于12秒内充满/放电。Bi @ Graphite展示了有史以来在所有SIB阳极中报道的最高速率能力。详细的表征结果表明，这些独特的Bi纳米石墨结构和醚共嵌入石墨的快速动力学是这些显着改善的原因，这可以转化为具有出色功率密度的SIB。

更新日期：2018-03-26

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