Rhizosphere microorganisms contribute to the health and development of crops and these beneficial microbes are recruited to the root-zone when plants experience biotic/abiotic stress. The subterranean pests Holotrichia parallela cause severe crop loss in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fields. Hypothesizing that infestation by H. parallela larva may influence the composition of rhizosphere microbial communities, deep sequencing of V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the rhizosphere bacteria of infested and uninfested peanuts. A total of 2,673,656 reads were generated and an average of 2558 OTUs were obtained for each sample. Comparisons of rhizosphere bacterial community structure of peanuts with those infested by H. parallela larva revealed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased, while that of Actinobacteria decreased in the rhizosphere with infestation. A significant shift in bacterial communities was observed within 24 h after infestation by principal coordinate analysis. For the 332 genera identified in 24 h treatment, infestation of white grubs led to the significant changes of abundance of 67 genera. An increase in the Pseudomonas genus of infested-samples for 24 h was verified by real-time qPCR. Our results indicate H. parallela larvae infestation can quickly leads to the change of peanut rhizosphere microbiome and enrichment of specific bacterial species. But the effects were not persistent. This study provides the insight into the function of rhizosphere microbiome in the interaction between subterranean pests and crops.

根际微生物有助于作物的健康和发育，当植物遭受生物/非生物胁迫时，这些有益微生物就会被吸收到根部区域。地下害虫Holotrichia parallela在花生田（花生田 ）中造成严重的农作物损失。假设到该侵染H. parallela幼虫可能影响根际的微生物群落，16S rRNA基因的V3和V4的高变区的深度测序的组合物被用于表征侵染和未受侵染花生的根际细菌。总共产生了2,673,656个读数，每个样品平均获得了2558个OTU。花生与花生侵染根际细菌群落结构的比较。H. parallela幼虫显示，根际中，随着侵染，变形杆菌和拟杆菌的相对丰度增加，而放线菌的相对丰度降低。通过主坐标分析，在侵染后24小时内观察到细菌群落的显着变化。对于在24 h处理中鉴定出的332属，白g的侵染导致67属的丰度发生了显着变化。实时定量PCR证实了侵染样品的假单胞菌属24小时的增加。我们的结果表明H. parallela幼虫侵染可迅速导致花生根际微生物组发生变化，并导致特定细菌种类的富集。但是影响不是持久的。这项研究提供了对根际微生物组在地下害虫和农作物之间相互作用中的作用的见解。