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Quorum sensing: A less known mode of communication among fungi
Microbiological Research ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.03.007
Sajad Ahmad Padder , Rajendra Prasad , Abdul Haseeb Shah

Quorum sensing (QS), a density-dependent signaling mechanism of microbial cells, involves an exchange and sense of low molecular weight signaling compounds called autoinducers. With the increase in population density, the autoinducers accumulate in the extracellular environment and once their concentration reaches a threshold, many genes are either expressed or repressed. This cell density-dependent signaling mechanism enables single cells to behave as multicellular organisms and regulates different microbial behaviors like morphogenesis, pathogenesis, competence, biofilm formation, bioluminescence, etc guided by environmental cues. Initially, QS was regarded to be a specialized system of certain bacteria. The discovery of filamentation control in pathogenic polymorphic fungus Candida albicans by farnesol revealed the phenomenon of QS in fungi as well. Pathogenic microorganisms primarily regulate the expression of virulence genes using QS systems. The indirect role of QS in the emergence of multiple drug resistance (MDR) in microbial pathogens necessitates the finding of alternative antimicrobial therapies that target QS and inhibit the same. A related phenomenon of quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) performed by small inhibitor molecules called quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) has an ability for efficient reduction of gene expression regulated by quorum sensing. In the present review, recent advancements in the study of different fungal quorum sensing molecules (QSMs) and quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) of fungal origin along with their mechanism of action and/or role/s are discussed.



中文翻译:

群体感应:真菌之间鲜为人知的交流方式

群体感应(QS)是微生物细胞的一种依赖于密度的信号传导机制,涉及交换和感知称为自动诱导剂的低分子量信号传导化合物。随着种群密度的增加,自诱导物在细胞外环境中积累,一旦其浓度达到阈值,许多基因就会被表达或被抑制。这种依赖于细胞密度的信号传导机制使单个细胞能够像多细胞生物一样发挥作用,并在环境提示的指导下调节不同的微生物行为,例如形态发生,发病机理,能力,生物膜形成,生物发光等。最初,QS被认为是某些细菌的专门系统。致病性多态性真菌白色念珠菌丝化控制的发现由法尼醇制得的真菌中也存在QS现象。病原微生物主要使用QS系统调节毒力基因的表达。QS在微生物病原体中出现多重耐药性(MDR)方面的间接作用使得有必要找到针对QS并抑制QS的其他抗菌疗法。由称为群体感应抑制剂(QSI)的小型抑制剂分子执行的群体感应抑制(QSI)相关现象具有有效减少由群体感应调节的基因表达的能力。在本综述中,讨论了真菌起源的不同真菌群体感应分子(QSM)和群体感应抑制剂(QSI)及其作用机理和/或作用的研究的最新进展。

更新日期:2018-03-21
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