Harvesting energy from the environment is a sustainable solution for powering decentralized sensor networks, Internet of Things systems, etc. In this work, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on the fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) electret film is investigated to generate electricity from mechanical motions in the environment, and its working principle is explained with a variable capacitance model. For the first time, the validity of this model is verified with a capacitor discharge curve fitting method. Based on this model, the maximum output energy of the TENG per working cycle is calculated, which could be useful for comparing the property of TENGs working under different environmental conditions. An adhesive tape-peeling process is innovatively used to charge the FEP electret film, which is facile and effective for increasing the charge amount on the film without using any complex equipment. Through this method, the surface potential of a 4 cm × 4 cm FEP film is improved from −360 V to −2850 V, the output negative voltage peak of the same-sized TENG is improved from −83 V to −363 V, and for a wind-driven 8 cm × 8 cm sized TENG, its average output power to charge a 10μF capacitor is improved from 2.5 μW to 19.8 μW. The ability of this TENG in generating electricity from low-frequency human motions to directly light up light emitting diodes (LEDs) is also demonstrated.

从环境中收集能量是为分散式传感器网络，物联网系统等供电的可持续解决方案。在这项工作中，研究了基于氟化乙烯丙烯（FEP）驻极体薄膜的摩擦纳米发电机（TENG），以通过机械方式发电用可变电容模型解释环境中的运动及其工作原理。首次使用电容器放电曲线拟合方法验证了该模型的有效性。基于此模型，可以计算出每个工作循环中TENG的最大输出能量，这对于比较在不同环境条件下工作的TENG的特性可能有用。创新地使用胶带剥离工艺为FEP驻极体膜充电，无需使用任何复杂设备，即可轻松有效地增加胶片上的电荷量。通过这种方法，将4 cm×4 cm FEP膜的表面电势从-360 V提高到-2850 V，相同尺寸的TENG的输出负电压峰值从-83 V提高到-363 V，并且对于风驱动的8 cm×8 cm尺寸的TENG，对10μF电容器充电的平均输出功率从2.5μW提高到19.8μW。还展示了该TENG在低频人体运动中产生电能以直接点亮发光二极管（LED）的能力。对于风驱动的8 cm×8 cm尺寸的TENG，对10μF电容器充电的平均输出功率从2.5μW提高到19.8μW。还展示了该TENG在低频人体运动中产生电能以直接点亮发光二极管（LED）的能力。对于风驱动的8 cm×8 cm尺寸的TENG，对10μF电容器充电的平均输出功率从2.5μW提高到19.8μW。还展示了该TENG在低频人体运动中产生电能以直接点亮发光二极管（LED）的能力。