In the search for efficacious pharmacotherapies to treat cocaine addiction much attention has been given to agents targeting dopamine D1 or D3 receptors because of the involvement of these receptors in drug-related behaviors. D1-like and D3 receptor partial agonists and antagonists have been shown to reduce drug reward, reinstatement of drug seeking and conditioned place preference in rodents and non-human primates. However, translation of these encouraging results to clinical settings has been limited due to a number of factors including toxicity, poor pharmacokinetic properties and extrapyramidal and sedative side effects. This review highlights the role of D1 and D3 receptors in drug reward and seeking, the discovery of D1-D3 heteromers and their potential as targets in the treatment of addiction.

在寻找治疗可卡因成瘾的有效药物疗法中，由于这些受体参与了与药物有关的行为，因此已经将注意力集中在靶向多巴胺D1或D3受体的药物上。已显示D1样和D3受体部分激动剂和拮抗剂可降低啮齿动物和非人类灵长类动物的药物报酬，恢复寻找药物和条件性位置偏爱。然而，由于许多因素，包括毒性，不良的药代动力学特性以及锥体外系和镇静性副作用，将这些令人鼓舞的结果转化为临床应用受到了限制。这篇综述重点介绍了D1和D3受体在药物奖励和寻求中的作用，D1-D3异聚体的发现及其在成瘾治疗中作为靶标的潜力。