A field-effect biosensor employing tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles as scaffolds for enzyme immobilization is presented. Nanotubular TMV scaffolds allow a dense immobilization of precisely positioned enzymes with retained activity. To demonstrate feasibility of this new strategy, a penicillin sensor has been developed by coupling a penicillinase with virus particles as a model system. The developed field-effect penicillin biosensor consists of an Al-p-Si-SiO₂-Ta₂O₅-TMV structure and has been electrochemically characterized in buffer solutions containing different concentrations of penicillin G. In addition, the morphology of the biosensor surface with virus particles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy methods. The sensors possessed a high penicillin sensitivity of ~ 92 mV/dec in a nearly-linear range from 0.1 mM to 10 mM, and a low detection limit of about 50 µM. The long-term stability of the penicillin biosensor was periodically tested over a time period of about one year without any significant loss of sensitivity. The biosensor has also been successfully applied for penicillin detection in bovine milk samples.

提出了一种利用烟草花叶病毒（TMV）颗粒作为支架进行酶固定的场效应生物传感器。纳米管TMV支架可将定位精确的酶紧密固定，并保持活性。为了证明该新策略的可行性，通过将青霉素酶与病毒颗粒偶联作为模型系统，开发了一种青霉素传感器。研发的场效应青霉素生物传感器由Al-p-Si-SiO ₂ -Ta ₂ O _5组成-TMV结构，并已在含有不同浓度青霉素G的缓冲溶液中进行了电化学表征。此外，通过扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜方法对带有病毒颗粒的生物传感器表面的形态进行了表征。这些传感器在从0.1 mM到10 mM的几乎线性范围内具有〜92 mV / dec的高青霉素灵敏度，以及约50 µM的低检测限。对青霉素生物传感器的长期稳定性进行了约一年的定期测试，没有任何明显的灵敏度损失。该生物传感器也已成功应用于牛乳样品中的青霉素检测。