Like any discipline, psychoanalysis has evolved considerably since its inception by Freud over a century ago, and a multitude of different psychoanalytic traditions and schools of theory and practice now exist. However, some of Freud's original ideas, such as the dynamic unconscious, a developmental approach, defence mechanisms, and transference and countertransference remain essential tenets of psychoanalytic thinking to this day. This Review outlines several areas within modern mental health practice in which contemporary adaptations and applications of these psychoanalytic concepts might offer helpful insights and improvements in patient care and management, and concludes with an overview of evidence-based psychoanalytically informed treatments and the links between psychoanalysis, attachment research, and neuroscience.

中文翻译：

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现代精神卫生实践中的精神分析。

像任何学科一样，精神分析自一个多世纪以来由弗洛伊德（Freud）创立以来已经发生了很大的变化，并且现在存在着许多不同的精神分析传统以及理论和实践流派。但是，直到今天，弗洛伊德的一些原始思想，例如动态的无意识，发展的方法，防御机制以及转移和反转移仍然是精神分析思想的基本宗旨。本评论概述了现代精神卫生实践中的几个领域，这些领域的当代适应和应用可能会为患者的护理和管理提供有益的见解和改进，并以循证心理分析为基础的治疗方法概述以及精神分析之间的联系作为总结，依恋研究和神经科学。