Quantum systems strongly coupled to many-body systems equilibrate to the reduced state of a global thermal state, deviating from the local thermal state of the system as it occurs in the weak-coupling limit. Taking this insight as a starting point, we study the thermodynamics of systems strongly coupled to thermal baths. First, we provide strong-coupling corrections to the second law applicable to general systems in three of its different readings: As a statement of maximal extractable work, on heat dissipation, and bound to the Carnot efficiency. These corrections become relevant for small quantum systems and vanish in first order in the interaction strength. We then move to the question of power of heat engines, obtaining a bound on the power enhancement due to strong coupling. Our results are exemplified on the paradigmatic non-Markovian quantum Brownian motion.

中文翻译：

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量子热力学中的强耦合校正

与多体系统强耦合的量子系统会平衡为整体热态的缩减状态，从而在弱耦合极限中偏离系统的局部热态。以这一见识为起点，我们研究了与热浴强烈耦合的系统的热力学。首先，我们对适用于一般系统的第二定律的三个不同读数提供了强耦合校正：作为最大可提取功的陈述，涉及散热，并限制了卡诺效率。这些校正对于小量子系统变得重要，并且在相互作用强度上一阶消失。然后，我们转到热机的功率问题，由于强耦合而使功率增强受到限制。