Abstract Novel (1– x )(0.94Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 –0.06BaTiO 3 )– x Sr 0.7 La 0.2 TiO 3 ternary lead-free ceramics (BNBT– x SL, x = 0.00–0.08) were fabricated by the widely used solid-state sintering technique. The crystal phase, microstructure, dielectric relaxation, piezoelectric, and electromechanical properties of each composition were systematically analyzed. It is found that the addition of SL has little effect on the crystal phase and grain morphology, but it can remarkably improved the relaxation property of the ceramic sample and gave rise to favourable dielectric properties in a wide range of temperatures. In addition, as the SL content increases, the ferroelectric to relaxor temperature ( T F-R ) is adjusted to below ambient temperature. More importantly, the decay of ferroelectric phase resulted in a significant increase in strain value: the large strain of 0.5% with normalized strain of 625 pm/V was obtained at 80kv/cm and x = 0.04. Finally, the composition exhibited high strain of temperature insensitivity range from room temperature to 100 °C, the strain value remained above 0.4% and kept within 5%. The results are due to the coexistence of rhombohedral polar-nanoregions (PNRs) and tetragonal PNRs during the relaxor region. This result is of great importance to the developments of temperature-insensitive strain sensors and actuators.

中文翻译：

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(1– x )(0.94Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 –0.06BaTiO 3 ) – x Sr 0.7 La 0.2 TiO 3 无铅陶瓷中温度不敏感的大应变

摘要 新型 (1– x )(0.94Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 –0.06BaTiO 3 )– x Sr 0.7 La 0.2 TiO 3 三元无铅陶瓷 (BNBT– x SL, x = 0.00–0.08)采用固态烧结技术。系统地分析了每种组合物的晶相、微观结构、介电弛豫、压电和机电性能。结果表明，SL的加入对晶相和晶粒形貌的影响不大，但可以显着提高陶瓷样品的弛豫性能，并在较宽的温度范围内产生良好的介电性能。此外，随着 SL 含量的增加，铁电弛豫温度 (T FR ) 被调整到低于环境温度。更重要的是，铁电相的衰减导致应变值显着增加：在 80kv/cm 和 x = 0.04 下获得了 0.5% 的大应变和 625 pm/V 的归一化应变。最后，该组合物在从室温到 100°C 的温度不敏感范围内表现出高应变，应变值保持在 0.4% 以上并保持在 5% 以内。结果是由于菱形极纳米区 (PNR) 和四方 PNR 在弛豫区共存。这一结果对温度不敏感应变传感器和执行器的发展非常重要。结果是由于菱形极纳米区 (PNR) 和四方 PNR 在弛豫区共存。这一结果对温度不敏感应变传感器和执行器的发展非常重要。结果是由于菱形极纳米区 (PNR) 和四方 PNR 在弛豫区共存。这一结果对温度不敏感应变传感器和执行器的发展非常重要。