Arsenic has an open circulatory system in nature and is highly toxic to both humans and the ecosystem. This study describes a multimodal assay of arsenite (As(III)) in environmental samples via stimuli-response of multiligands functionalized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The multiligands functionalized Ag NPs are prepared through chemical reduction using asparagine (Asn) as the capping ligand and further modification with reduced glutathione (GSH) and dithiothreitol (DTT). The obtained GSH/DTT/Asn–Ag NPs can be used as multifunctional probes for the multimodal assay of As(III) owing to the excellent plasmonic property and unique electrochemical activity. The multimodal method can detect As(III) not only by naked-eye colorimetric and spectrophotometric assay but also by turn-on and highly sensitive electrochemical assay. The strategy features convenient operation, short analytical time, on-site assay, high sensitivity, and low cost. The As(III)-responsive multimodal sensor demonstrates excellent performance for detection of low trace As(III) in various environmental water and juice samples. The results are in accordance with the ones obtained by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Besides, the plasmonic metal nanoparticles-based multimodal sensing method can be used to ameliorate the analytical performance of sensors for toxic targets, which will be very conducive to facilitate the practical application of sensors related to environmental and food monitoring.

中文翻译：

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通过多配体修饰的银纳米粒子的刺激响应提高灵敏度的环境样品中砷污染的多峰分析

砷在自然界中具有开放的循环系统，对人类和生态系统均具有剧毒。这项研究描述了通过多配体官能化的银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs）的刺激反应对环境样品中的砷（As（III））进行多峰分析。通过将天冬酰胺（Asn）作为封端配体进行化学还原，并用还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和二硫苏糖醇（DTT）进行进一步修饰，可以制备多配体官能化的AgNP。所获得的GSH / DTT / Asn-Ag NPs具有出色的等离子体特性和独特的电化学活性，因此可作为多功能探针用于As（III）的多峰分析。该多峰方法不仅可以通过肉眼比色法和分光光度法检测砷（III），而且还可以通过开启和高度灵敏的电化学检测法检测As（III）。该策略具有操作简便，分析时间短，现场检测，灵敏度高和成本低的特点。As（III）响应式多模态传感器在各种环境水和果汁样品中的低痕量As（III）检测中均具有出色的性能。结果与通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）获得的结果一致。此外，基于等离子金属纳米颗粒的多峰传感方法可以改善有毒目标传感器的分析性能，这将有利于促进与环境和食品监测相关的传感器的实际应用。As（III）响应式多模态传感器在各种环境水和果汁样品中的低痕量As（III）检测中均具有出色的性能。结果与通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）获得的结果一致。此外，基于等离子金属纳米颗粒的多峰传感方法可以改善有毒目标传感器的分析性能，这将有利于促进与环境和食品监测相关的传感器的实际应用。As（III）响应式多模态传感器在各种环境水和果汁样品中的低痕量As（III）检测中均具有出色的性能。结果与通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）获得的结果一致。此外，基于等离子金属纳米颗粒的多峰传感方法可以改善有毒目标传感器的分析性能，这将有利于促进与环境和食品监测相关的传感器的实际应用。